TY - JOUR
T1 - A double-peaked Lyman- αemitter with a stronger blue peak multiply imaged by the galaxy cluster RXC J0018.5 + 1626
AU - Furtak, Lukas J.
AU - Plat, Adèle
AU - Zitrin, Adi
AU - Topping, Micheal W.
AU - Stark, Daniel P.
AU - Strait, Victoria
AU - Charlot, Stéphane
AU - Coe, Dan
AU - Andrade-Santo, Felipe
AU - Bradač, Maruša
AU - Bradley, Larry
AU - Lemaux, Brian C.
AU - Sharon, Keren
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors warmly thank the anonymous referee for their comments and feedback which greatly helped to improve the paper. We further thank Charlotte Mason, Max Gronke, and Anja von der Linden for insightful discussions and feedback. LF and AZ acknowledge support by Grant No. 2020750 from the United States-Israel Bina- tional Science Foundation (BSF) and Grant No. 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF). AZ acknowledges support by the Ministry of Science & Technology, Israel. DPS acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the grant AST-2109066. MB acknowledges support by the Slo v enian National Research Agency (ARRS) through grant N1-0238. This work uses observations obtained at the international Gemini Obser- vatory, a program of NSF's NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) un- der a cooperative agreement with the NSF. The Gemini Observatory partnership comprises: the NSF (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Note that the Gemini North Telescope is located within the Maunakea Science Reserve and adjacent to the summit of Maunakea. We are grateful for the privilege of observing the Universe from a place that is unique in both its astronomical quality and its cultural significance. This work is based on observations obtained with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope (HST), retrieved from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Finally, this work is also based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility. This research used ASTROPY, 4 a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013 ; Price- Whelan et al. 2018) as well as the packages NUMPY (van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and some of the astronomy MATLAB packages (Ofek 2014). The MATPLOTLIB package (Hunter 2007) was used to create the figures in this work. Special thanks also to Eduardo Vitral for lending us some of the coordinate routines of his BALROGO code (Vitral 2021).
Funding Information:
The authors warmly thank the anonymous referee for their comments and feedback which greatly helped to improve the paper. We further thank Charlotte Mason, Max Gronke, and Anja von der Linden for insightful discussions and feedback. LF and AZ acknowledge support by Grant No. 2020750 from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) and Grant No. 2109066 from the United States National Science Foundation (NSF). AZ acknowledges support by the Ministry of Science & Technology, Israel. DPS acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation through the grant AST-2109066. MB acknowledges support by the Slovenian National Research Agency (ARRS) through grant N1-0238. This work uses observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF’s NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the NSF. The Gemini Observatory partnership comprises: the NSF (United States), National Research Council (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovac¸ões e Comunicac¸ões (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). Note that the Gemini North Telescope is located within the Maunakea Science Reserve and adjacent to the summit of Maunakea. We are grateful for the privilege of observing the Universe from a place that is unique in both its astronomical quality and its cultural significance. This work is based on observations obtained with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope (HST), retrieved from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Finally, this work is also based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory obtained from the ESO Science Archive Facility. This research used ASTROPY,4 a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013; Price-Whelan et al. 2018) as well as the packages NUMPY (van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and some of the astronomy MATLAB packages (Ofek 2014). The MATPLOTLIB package (Hunter 2007) was used to create the figures in this work. Special thanks also to Eduardo Vitral for lending us some of the coordinate routines of his BALROGO code (Vitral 2021).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - We report the discovery of a double-peaked Lyman-α(Ly α) emitter (LAE) at z = 3.2177 ±0.0001 in VLT/MUSE data. The galaxy is strongly lensed by the galaxy cluster RXC J0018.5 + 1626 recently observed in the RELICS survey, and the double-peaked Ly αemission is clearly detected in the two counter images in the MUSE field of view. We measure a relatively high Ly αrest-frame equivalent width (EW) of EWLyα, 0 = (63 ±2) Å. Additional spectroscopy with Gemini /GNIRS in the near-infrared (NIR) allows us to measure the H β, [O III ] λ4959 Å, and [O III ] λ5007 Åemission lines, which show moderate rest-frame EWs of the order of a few ~10-100 Å, an [O III ] λ5007 Å/H βratio of 4.8 ±0.7, and a lower limit on the [O III ]/[O II ] ratio of > 9.3. The galaxy has very blue UV-continuum slopes of βFUV= -2.23 ±0.06 and βNUV = -3.0 ±0.2, and is magnified by factors μ~7-10 in each of the two images, thus enabling a view into a low-mass (M∗≃ 107.5M⊙) high-redshift galaxy analogue. Notably, the blue peak of the Ly αprofile is significantly stronger than the red peak, which suggests an inflow of matter and possibly very low H I column densities in its circumgalactic gas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of such a Ly αprofile. Combined with the high lensing magnification and image multiplicity, these properties make this galaxy a prime candidate for follow-up observations to search for LyC emission and constrain the LyC photon escape fraction.
AB - We report the discovery of a double-peaked Lyman-α(Ly α) emitter (LAE) at z = 3.2177 ±0.0001 in VLT/MUSE data. The galaxy is strongly lensed by the galaxy cluster RXC J0018.5 + 1626 recently observed in the RELICS survey, and the double-peaked Ly αemission is clearly detected in the two counter images in the MUSE field of view. We measure a relatively high Ly αrest-frame equivalent width (EW) of EWLyα, 0 = (63 ±2) Å. Additional spectroscopy with Gemini /GNIRS in the near-infrared (NIR) allows us to measure the H β, [O III ] λ4959 Å, and [O III ] λ5007 Åemission lines, which show moderate rest-frame EWs of the order of a few ~10-100 Å, an [O III ] λ5007 Å/H βratio of 4.8 ±0.7, and a lower limit on the [O III ]/[O II ] ratio of > 9.3. The galaxy has very blue UV-continuum slopes of βFUV= -2.23 ±0.06 and βNUV = -3.0 ±0.2, and is magnified by factors μ~7-10 in each of the two images, thus enabling a view into a low-mass (M∗≃ 107.5M⊙) high-redshift galaxy analogue. Notably, the blue peak of the Ly αprofile is significantly stronger than the red peak, which suggests an inflow of matter and possibly very low H I column densities in its circumgalactic gas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of such a Ly αprofile. Combined with the high lensing magnification and image multiplicity, these properties make this galaxy a prime candidate for follow-up observations to search for LyC emission and constrain the LyC photon escape fraction.
KW - ISM: lines and bands
KW - dark ages, reionization, first stars
KW - galaxies: clusters: individual: RXC J0018.5 + 1626
KW - galaxies: evolution
KW - galaxies: star formation
KW - gravitational lensing: strong
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85140410642&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stac2169
DO - 10.1093/mnras/stac2169
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85140410642
SN - 0035-8711
VL - 516
SP - 1373
EP - 1385
JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
IS - 1
ER -