A scoping review of studies examining mental health literacy among Arabs worldwide

Background: There is growing interest in Mental health literacy (MHL) worldwide, given its important role in overcoming barriers to service use and reducing mental health disparities. However, little is known about MHL among Arabs. Aim: We conducted a scoping review to examine MHL levels and correlates among Arabs in both Arab and non-Arab countries, based on Jorm's MHL framework. Methods: We conducted a scoping review based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, using six electronic databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Soc Index, Web of Science, and Scopus. Data were summarized and synthesized. Results: Nine studies examining MHL among Arabs met our inclusion criteria. Seven of them used a quantitative cross-sectional design. Four studies were conducted in Arab, and five were in non-Arab countries. Five studies were conducted among university students. The studies included indicate moderate to high levels of MHL. Higher MHL was associated with female gender, personal experience of mental health illness, and with help-seeking behaviours. Conclusions: Our review shows a significant lack of empirical studies on Arabs' MHL. These findings should be considered as a call for action for public health researchers, mental health workers, and policymakers to prioritize research in this field.