TY - JOUR
T1 - A Tungsten-Based Nanolaminated Ternary Carbide
T2 - (W,Ti) 4 C 4- x
AU - Anasori, Babak
AU - Lu, Jun
AU - Rivin, Oleg
AU - Dahlqvist, Martin
AU - Halim, Joseph
AU - Voigt, Cooper
AU - Rosen, Johanna
AU - Hultman, Lars
AU - Barsoum, Michel W.
AU - Caspi, El'Ad N.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/1/22
Y1 - 2019/1/22
N2 - Nanolamellar transition metal carbides are gaining increasing interests because of the recent developments of their two-dimensional (2D) derivatives and promising performance for a variety of applications from energy storage, catalysis to transparent conductive coatings, and medicine. To develop more novel 2D materials, new nanolaminated structures are needed. Here we report on a tungsten-based nanolaminated ternary phase, (W,Ti) 4 C 4-x , synthesized by an Al-catalyzed reaction of W, Ti, and C powders at 1600 °C for 4 h, under flowing argon. X-ray and neutron diffraction, along with Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy, were used to determine the atomic structure, ordering, and occupancies. This phase has a layered hexagonal structure (P6 3 /mmc) with lattice parameters, a = 3.00880(7) Å, and c = 19.5633(6) Å and a nominal chemistry of (W,Ti) 4 C 4-x (actual chemistry, W 2.1(1) Ti 1.6(1) C 2.6(1) ). The structure is comprised of layers of pure W that are also twin planes with two adjacent atomic layers of mixed W and Ti, on either side. The use of Al as a catalyst for synthesizing otherwise difficult to make phases, could in turn lead to the discovery of a large family of nonstoichiometric ternary transition metal carbides, synthesized at relatively low temperatures and shorter times.
AB - Nanolamellar transition metal carbides are gaining increasing interests because of the recent developments of their two-dimensional (2D) derivatives and promising performance for a variety of applications from energy storage, catalysis to transparent conductive coatings, and medicine. To develop more novel 2D materials, new nanolaminated structures are needed. Here we report on a tungsten-based nanolaminated ternary phase, (W,Ti) 4 C 4-x , synthesized by an Al-catalyzed reaction of W, Ti, and C powders at 1600 °C for 4 h, under flowing argon. X-ray and neutron diffraction, along with Z-contrast scanning transmission electron microscopy, were used to determine the atomic structure, ordering, and occupancies. This phase has a layered hexagonal structure (P6 3 /mmc) with lattice parameters, a = 3.00880(7) Å, and c = 19.5633(6) Å and a nominal chemistry of (W,Ti) 4 C 4-x (actual chemistry, W 2.1(1) Ti 1.6(1) C 2.6(1) ). The structure is comprised of layers of pure W that are also twin planes with two adjacent atomic layers of mixed W and Ti, on either side. The use of Al as a catalyst for synthesizing otherwise difficult to make phases, could in turn lead to the discovery of a large family of nonstoichiometric ternary transition metal carbides, synthesized at relatively low temperatures and shorter times.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85060297800&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02226
DO - 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02226
M3 - Article
C2 - 30608675
AN - SCOPUS:85060297800
SN - 0020-1669
VL - 58
SP - 1100
EP - 1106
JO - Inorganic Chemistry
JF - Inorganic Chemistry
IS - 2
ER -