TY - JOUR
T1 - Adaptations for Wear Resistance and Damage Resilience
T2 - Micromechanics of Spider Cuticular “Tools”
AU - Tadayon, Maryam
AU - Younes-Metzler, Osnat
AU - Shelef, Yaniv
AU - Zaslansky, Paul
AU - Rechels, Alon
AU - Berner, Alex
AU - Zolotoyabko, Emil
AU - Barth, Friedrich G.
AU - Fratzl, Peter
AU - Bar-On, Benny
AU - Politi, Yael
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support under grant no. PO 1725/7‐1. E.Z. thanks the Shore Fund for Advanced Composites (Technion) for partial financial support. The authors thank the Department for Neurobiology at the Vienna University for providing the spider material. The authors thank Birgit Schonert for help in sample preparation. Bulk XANES measurements were performed on BM08‐GILDA beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France. Micro‐focused XANES measurements were performed at the microXAS beamline at the Swiss Light Source, at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Viligen, Switzerland. Microtomography measurements were performed at the BAMline imaging beamline of BESSY II storage ring (HZB: Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy). The authors are grateful to Francesco d'Acapito from the GILDA beamline (ESRF), Dr. Daniel Grolimund and Dr. Dario Ferreira Sanchez from the microXAS beamline (SLS, PSI), Ralf Britzke and Dr. Bernd Müller from the BAMline (Bessy II, HBZ) for technical support and providing invaluable beamtime assistance. The authors thank ESRF, SLS, and HZB for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beamtime. Special thanks to Dr. Sergey Kapishnikov for helping with the SLS beamtime and sample preparation, to Clara Valverde Serrano and Hanna Leemreize for help during beamtime at ESRF and SLS.
Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support under grant no. PO 1725/7-1. E.Z. thanks the Shore Fund for Advanced Composites (Technion) for partial financial support. The authors thank the Department for Neurobiology at the Vienna University for providing the spider material. The authors thank Birgit Schonert for help in sample preparation. Bulk XANES measurements were performed on BM08-GILDA beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France. Micro-focused XANES measurements were performed at the microXAS beamline at the Swiss Light Source, at the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), Viligen, Switzerland. Microtomography measurements were performed at the BAMline imaging beamline of BESSY II storage ring (HZB: Helmholtz Center Berlin for Materials and Energy). The authors are grateful to Francesco d'Acapito from the GILDA beamline (ESRF), Dr. Daniel Grolimund and Dr. Dario Ferreira Sanchez from the microXAS beamline (SLS, PSI), Ralf Britzke and Dr. Bernd M?ller from the BAMline (Bessy II, HBZ) for technical support and providing invaluable beamtime assistance. The authors thank ESRF, SLS, and HZB for the allocation of synchrotron radiation beamtime. Special thanks to Dr. Sergey Kapishnikov for helping with the SLS beamtime and sample preparation, to Clara Valverde Serrano and Hanna Leemreize for help during beamtime at ESRF and SLS.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
PY - 2020/8/1
Y1 - 2020/8/1
N2 - In the absence of minerals as stiffening agents, insects and spiders often use metal-ion cross-linking of protein matrices in their fully organic load-bearing “tools.” In this comparative study, the hierarchical fiber architecture, elemental distribution, and the micromechanical properties of the manganese- and calcium-rich cuticle of the claws of the spider Cupiennius salei, and the Zn-rich cuticle of the cheliceral fangs of the same animal are analyzed. By correlating experimental results to finite element analysis, functional microstructural and compositional adaptations are inferred leading to remarkable damage resilience and abrasion tolerance, respectively. The results further reveal that the incorporation of both zinc and manganese/calcium correlates well with increased biomaterial's stiffness and hardness. However, the abrasion-resistance of the claw material cross-linked by incorporation of Mn/Ca-ions surpasses that of many other non-mineralized biological counterparts and is comparable to that of the fang with more than triple Zn content. These biomaterial-adaptation paradigms for enhanced wear-resistance may serve as novel design principles for advanced, high-performance, functional surfaces, and graded materials.
AB - In the absence of minerals as stiffening agents, insects and spiders often use metal-ion cross-linking of protein matrices in their fully organic load-bearing “tools.” In this comparative study, the hierarchical fiber architecture, elemental distribution, and the micromechanical properties of the manganese- and calcium-rich cuticle of the claws of the spider Cupiennius salei, and the Zn-rich cuticle of the cheliceral fangs of the same animal are analyzed. By correlating experimental results to finite element analysis, functional microstructural and compositional adaptations are inferred leading to remarkable damage resilience and abrasion tolerance, respectively. The results further reveal that the incorporation of both zinc and manganese/calcium correlates well with increased biomaterial's stiffness and hardness. However, the abrasion-resistance of the claw material cross-linked by incorporation of Mn/Ca-ions surpasses that of many other non-mineralized biological counterparts and is comparable to that of the fang with more than triple Zn content. These biomaterial-adaptation paradigms for enhanced wear-resistance may serve as novel design principles for advanced, high-performance, functional surfaces, and graded materials.
KW - abrasion resistance
KW - biopolymers
KW - metal-ion cross-linking
KW - microstructure
KW - tribological behavior
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85087204436&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adfm.202000400
DO - 10.1002/adfm.202000400
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85087204436
SN - 1616-301X
VL - 30
JO - Advanced Functional Materials
JF - Advanced Functional Materials
IS - 32
M1 - 2000400
ER -