TY - JOUR
T1 - Add-on high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) to bilateral prefrontal cortex reduces cocaine craving in patients with cocaine use disorder
AU - Rapinesi, Chiara
AU - Del Casale, Antonio
AU - Di Pietro, Simone
AU - Ferri, Vittoria Rachele
AU - Piacentino, Daria
AU - Sani, Gabriele
AU - Raccah, Ruggero Nessim
AU - Zangen, Abraham
AU - Ferracuti, Stefano
AU - Vento, Alessandro Emiliano
AU - Angeletti, Gloria
AU - Brugnoli, Roberto
AU - D. Kotzalidis, Georgios
AU - Girardi, Paolo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
PY - 2016/8/26
Y1 - 2016/8/26
N2 - Introduction Cocaine dependence is a substantial public health problem. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) on craving in patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD). Methods Seven men (mean age, 48.71 years; standard deviation [SD], 9.45; range 32–60 years) with CUD and no concurrent axis 1 or 2 disorder save nicotine abuse, underwent three sessions of alternate day 20 Hz dTMS in 20 trains delivered to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) preferentially to the left hemisphere, for 12 sessions spread over one month, added to unchanged prior drug treatment. We used a visual analogue scale (VAS) to measure cocaine craving the week before, each week during, and one month after dTMS treatment. Results DLPFC stimulation significantly reduced craving over time: within-subjects main effect of time of treatment (ANOVA, F[3,18] = 46.154; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.88). The reduction of craving from baseline was significant at two weeks (p < 0.001), and four weeks (p < 0.001) of treatment, and at the week eight, four weeks after treatment interruption (p = 0.003), although the increase of craving was significant from week four and eight (p = 0.014). Conclusion dTMS over left DLPFC reduced craving in CUD patients in a small sample that is to be considered preliminary. However, maintenance sessions would be needed to maintain the achieved results. Our findings highlight the potential of noninvasive neuromodulation as a therapeutic tool for cocaine addiction.
AB - Introduction Cocaine dependence is a substantial public health problem. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of high frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) on craving in patients with cocaine use disorder (CUD). Methods Seven men (mean age, 48.71 years; standard deviation [SD], 9.45; range 32–60 years) with CUD and no concurrent axis 1 or 2 disorder save nicotine abuse, underwent three sessions of alternate day 20 Hz dTMS in 20 trains delivered to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) preferentially to the left hemisphere, for 12 sessions spread over one month, added to unchanged prior drug treatment. We used a visual analogue scale (VAS) to measure cocaine craving the week before, each week during, and one month after dTMS treatment. Results DLPFC stimulation significantly reduced craving over time: within-subjects main effect of time of treatment (ANOVA, F[3,18] = 46.154; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.88). The reduction of craving from baseline was significant at two weeks (p < 0.001), and four weeks (p < 0.001) of treatment, and at the week eight, four weeks after treatment interruption (p = 0.003), although the increase of craving was significant from week four and eight (p = 0.014). Conclusion dTMS over left DLPFC reduced craving in CUD patients in a small sample that is to be considered preliminary. However, maintenance sessions would be needed to maintain the achieved results. Our findings highlight the potential of noninvasive neuromodulation as a therapeutic tool for cocaine addiction.
KW - Cocaine use disorder
KW - Craving
KW - Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS)
KW - Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84978208729&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.049
DO - 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.049
M3 - Article
C2 - 27365134
AN - SCOPUS:84978208729
SN - 0304-3940
VL - 629
SP - 43
EP - 47
JO - Neuroscience Letters
JF - Neuroscience Letters
ER -