Ambient Fine Particulate Matter, Outdoor Temperature, and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome.

Rachel S. Wallwork, Elena Colicino, Jia Zhong, Itai Kloog, Brent A. Coull, Pantel Vokonas, Joel D. Schwartz, Andrea A. Baccarelli

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

123 Scopus citations

Abstract

Ambient air pollution and temperature have been linked with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Metabolic syndrome and its components--abdominal obesity, elevated fasting blood glucose concentration, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration, hypertension, and hypertriglyceridemia--predict cardiovascular disease, but the environmental causes are understudied. In this study, we prospectively examined the long-term associations of air pollution, defined as particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM2.5), and temperature with the development of metabolic syndrome and its components. Using covariate-adjustment Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated associations of mean annual PM2.5 concentration and temperature with risk of incident metabolic dysfunctions between 1993 and 2011 in 587 elderly (mean = 70 (standard deviation, 7) years of age) male participants in the Normative Aging Study. A 1-µg/m³ increase in mean annual PM2.5 concentration was associated with a higher risk of developing metabolic syndrome (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.52), an elevated fasting blood glucose level (HR= 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03,1.39), and hypertriglyceridemia (HR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.00,1.30). Our findings for metabolic syndrome and high fasting blood glucose remained significant for PM2.5 levels below the Environmental Protection Agency's health-safety limit (12 µg/m³). A 1°C increase in mean annual temperature was associated with a higher risk of developing elevated fasting blood glucose (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.14, 1.56). Men living in neighborhoods with worse air quality--with higher PM2.5 levels and/or temperatures than average--showed increased risk of developing metabolic dysfunctions.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)30-39
Number of pages10
JournalAmerican Journal of Epidemiology
Volume185
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Jan 2017

Keywords

  • Air pollution
  • Blood glucose
  • High-density lipoprotein cholesterol
  • Hypertension
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Obesity
  • Temperature
  • Triglycerides

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Epidemiology

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