TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of long-term exposure to local industry- and traffic-specific particulate matter with arterial blood pressure and incident hypertension
AU - on behalf of the
AU - Heinz Nixdorf Recall study Investigative Group
AU - Fuks, Kateryna B.
AU - Weinmayr, Gudrun
AU - Hennig, Frauke
AU - Tzivian, Lilian
AU - Moebus, Susanne
AU - Jakobs, Hermann
AU - Memmesheimer, Michael
AU - Kälsch, Hagen
AU - Andrich, Silke
AU - Nonnemacher, Michael
AU - Erbel, Raimund
AU - Jöckel, Karl Heinz
AU - Hoffmann, Barbara
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016
PY - 2016/1/25
Y1 - 2016/1/25
N2 - Background: Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may lead to increased blood pressure (BP). The role of industry- and traffic-specific PM2.5 remains unclear. Objective: We investigated the associations of residential long-term source-specific PM2.5 exposure with arterial BP and incident hypertension in the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study. Methods: We defined hypertension as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, or current use of BP lowering medication. Long-term concentrations of PM2.5 from all local sources (PM2.5ALL), local industry (PM2.5IND) and traffic (PM2.5TRA) were modeled with a dispersion and chemistry transport model (EURAD-CTM) with a 1 km2 resolution. We performed a cross-sectional analysis with BP and prevalent hypertension at baseline, using linear and logistic regression, respectively, and a longitudinal analysis with incident hypertension at 5-year follow-up, using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. We adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, lifestyle, education, and major road proximity. Change in BP (mmHg), odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) for hypertension were calculated per 1 μg/m3 of exposure concentration. Results: PM2.5ALL was highly correlated with PM2.5IND (Spearman's ρ = 0.92) and moderately with PM2.5TRA (ρ = 0.42). In adjusted cross-sectional analysis with 4539 participants, we found positive associations of PM2.5ALL with systolic (0.42 [95%-CI: 0.03, 0.80]) and diastolic (0.25 [0.04, 0.46]) BP. Higher, but less precise estimates were found for PM2.5IND (systolic: 0.55 [−0.05, 1.14]; diastolic: 0.35 [0.03, 0.67]) and PM2.5TRA (systolic: 0.88 [−1.55, 3.31]; diastolic: 0.41 [−0.91, 1.73]). We found crude positive association of PM2.5TRA with prevalence (OR 1.41 [1.10, 1.80]) and incidence of hypertension (RR 1.38 [1.03, 1.85]), attenuating after adjustment (OR 1.19 [0.90, 1.58] and RR 1.28 [0.94, 1.72]). We found no association of PM2.5ALL and PM2.5IND with hypertension. Conclusions: Long-term exposures to all-source and industry-specific PM2.5 were positively related to BP. We could not separate the effects of industry-specific PM2.5 from all-source PM2.5. Estimates with traffic-specific PM2.5 were generally higher but inconclusive.
AB - Background: Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) may lead to increased blood pressure (BP). The role of industry- and traffic-specific PM2.5 remains unclear. Objective: We investigated the associations of residential long-term source-specific PM2.5 exposure with arterial BP and incident hypertension in the population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall cohort study. Methods: We defined hypertension as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg, or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, or current use of BP lowering medication. Long-term concentrations of PM2.5 from all local sources (PM2.5ALL), local industry (PM2.5IND) and traffic (PM2.5TRA) were modeled with a dispersion and chemistry transport model (EURAD-CTM) with a 1 km2 resolution. We performed a cross-sectional analysis with BP and prevalent hypertension at baseline, using linear and logistic regression, respectively, and a longitudinal analysis with incident hypertension at 5-year follow-up, using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. We adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, lifestyle, education, and major road proximity. Change in BP (mmHg), odds ratio (OR) and relative risk (RR) for hypertension were calculated per 1 μg/m3 of exposure concentration. Results: PM2.5ALL was highly correlated with PM2.5IND (Spearman's ρ = 0.92) and moderately with PM2.5TRA (ρ = 0.42). In adjusted cross-sectional analysis with 4539 participants, we found positive associations of PM2.5ALL with systolic (0.42 [95%-CI: 0.03, 0.80]) and diastolic (0.25 [0.04, 0.46]) BP. Higher, but less precise estimates were found for PM2.5IND (systolic: 0.55 [−0.05, 1.14]; diastolic: 0.35 [0.03, 0.67]) and PM2.5TRA (systolic: 0.88 [−1.55, 3.31]; diastolic: 0.41 [−0.91, 1.73]). We found crude positive association of PM2.5TRA with prevalence (OR 1.41 [1.10, 1.80]) and incidence of hypertension (RR 1.38 [1.03, 1.85]), attenuating after adjustment (OR 1.19 [0.90, 1.58] and RR 1.28 [0.94, 1.72]). We found no association of PM2.5ALL and PM2.5IND with hypertension. Conclusions: Long-term exposures to all-source and industry-specific PM2.5 were positively related to BP. We could not separate the effects of industry-specific PM2.5 from all-source PM2.5. Estimates with traffic-specific PM2.5 were generally higher but inconclusive.
KW - Blood pressure
KW - Hypertension
KW - Industrial emissions
KW - Particulate matter
KW - Source-specific air pollution
KW - Traffic emissions
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/84979638789
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.05.008
DO - 10.1016/j.ijheh.2016.05.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 27318724
AN - SCOPUS:84979638789
SN - 1438-4639
VL - 219
SP - 527
EP - 535
JO - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
JF - International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
IS - 6
ER -
