Atlantic cod in the dynamic probiotics research in aquaculture

Probiotics are good bacteria that confer beneficial actions to the host or to their environment through different modes of action. The science of probiotics has evolved through the years and its diversification is an adaptation to the growing number of host species utilizing these beneficial bacteria. The application of probiotics in aquaculture has been regarded as a sustainable and promising strategy not only in the context of disease control but also in nutrition, growth and immunity. Despite commencing almost three decades ago, probiotics research in Atlantic cod still remains an emerging research area. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of the current knowledge of probiotics research in Atlantic cod and how the present perspectives stand in comparison with the dynamic probiotics research in aquaculture as a whole.