TY - JOUR
T1 - Biomarkers in Lung Cancer Screening
T2 - Achievements, Promises, and Challenges
AU - Seijo, Luis M.
AU - Peled, Nir
AU - Ajona, Daniel
AU - Boeri, Mattia
AU - Field, John K.
AU - Sozzi, Gabriella
AU - Pio, Ruben
AU - Zulueta, Javier J.
AU - Spira, Avrum
AU - Massion, Pierre P.
AU - Mazzone, Peter J.
AU - Montuenga, Luis M.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
PY - 2019/3/1
Y1 - 2019/3/1
N2 - The present review is an update of the research and development efforts regarding the use of molecular biomarkers in the lung cancer screening setting. The two main unmet clinical needs, namely, the refinement of risk to improve the selection of individuals undergoing screening and the characterization of undetermined nodules found during the computed tomography–based screening process are the object of the biomarkers described in the present review. We first propose some principles to optimize lung cancer biomarker discovery projects. Then, we summarize the discovery and developmental status of currently promising molecular candidates, such as autoantibodies, complement fragments, microRNAs, circulating tumor DNA, DNA methylation, blood protein profiling, or RNA airway or nasal signatures. We also mention other emerging biomarkers or new technologies to follow, such as exhaled breath biomarkers, metabolomics, sputum cell imaging, genetic predisposition studies, and the integration of next-generation sequencing into study of circulating DNA. We also underline the importance of integrating different molecular technologies together with imaging, radiomics, and artificial intelligence. We list a number of completed, ongoing, or planned trials to show the clinical utility of molecular biomarkers. Finally, we comment on future research challenges in the field of biomarkers in the context of lung cancer screening and propose a design of a trial to test the clinical utility of one or several candidate biomarkers.
AB - The present review is an update of the research and development efforts regarding the use of molecular biomarkers in the lung cancer screening setting. The two main unmet clinical needs, namely, the refinement of risk to improve the selection of individuals undergoing screening and the characterization of undetermined nodules found during the computed tomography–based screening process are the object of the biomarkers described in the present review. We first propose some principles to optimize lung cancer biomarker discovery projects. Then, we summarize the discovery and developmental status of currently promising molecular candidates, such as autoantibodies, complement fragments, microRNAs, circulating tumor DNA, DNA methylation, blood protein profiling, or RNA airway or nasal signatures. We also mention other emerging biomarkers or new technologies to follow, such as exhaled breath biomarkers, metabolomics, sputum cell imaging, genetic predisposition studies, and the integration of next-generation sequencing into study of circulating DNA. We also underline the importance of integrating different molecular technologies together with imaging, radiomics, and artificial intelligence. We list a number of completed, ongoing, or planned trials to show the clinical utility of molecular biomarkers. Finally, we comment on future research challenges in the field of biomarkers in the context of lung cancer screening and propose a design of a trial to test the clinical utility of one or several candidate biomarkers.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Clinical utility
KW - Lung cancer
KW - Screening
KW - Test validation
KW - Trial design
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85060116337&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.11.023
DO - 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.11.023
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30529598
AN - SCOPUS:85060116337
SN - 1556-0864
VL - 14
SP - 343
EP - 357
JO - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
JF - Journal of Thoracic Oncology
IS - 3
ER -
