Complications and side effects of GnRH analogues

GnRH analogues - agonists and antagonists - have many clinical applications and uses. Their use over the past 15 years has led to significant accomplishments in the field of reproduction, pediatric endocrinology, and oncology. Fortunately, side effects and complications are uncommon. When they occur, they are usually mild and reversible. As a rule, the advantages heavily outweigh the disadvantages, except in a selected group of patients. Further achievements in the previously mentioned fields will depend on the ability to pinpoint the few cases in which subtle manipulations in agonist or antagonist treatment can improve results, albeit, even slightly, so that the final effect is success, such as a normal pregnancy, achieving normal height, or full remission from cancer. The responsibility of physicians also includes minimizing complications, either by preventing them or by fully reversing any hormonal change that they induce. Further clinical experience with GnRH antagonists will enable clinicians to make the right decisions regarding when these compounds should, or should not, be used. Comprehensive knowledge of the mechanisms, effects, and side effects of all analogues will enhance the ability to use their advantages to the fullest.