Composite Nanostructures of TiO2 and ZnO for Water Splitting Application: Atomic Layer Deposition Growth and Density Functional Theory Investigation

Marina Kulmas, Leanne Paterson, Katja Höflich, Muhammad Y. Bashouti, Yanlin Wu, Manuela Göbelt, Jürgen Ristein, Julien Bachmann, Bernd Meyer, Silke Christiansen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

49 Scopus citations

Abstract

The commercialization of solar fuel devices requires the development of novel engineered photoelectrodes for water splitting applications which are based on redundant, cheap, and environmentally friendly materials. In the current study, a combination of titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) onto nanotextured silicon is utilized for a composite electrode with the aim to overcome the individual shortcomings of the respective materials. The properties of conformal coverage of TiO2 and ZnO layers are designed on the atomic scale by the atomic layer deposition technique. The resulting photoanode shows not only promising stability but also nine times higher photocurrents than an equivalent photoanode with a pure TiO2 encapsulation onto the nanostructured silicon. Density functional theory calculations indicate that segregation of TiO2 at the ZnO surfaces is favorable and leads to the stabilization of the ZnO layers in water environments. In conclusion, the novel designed composite material constitutes a promising base for a stable and effective photoanode for the water oxidation reaction.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4882-4889
Number of pages8
JournalAdvanced Functional Materials
Volume26
Issue number27
DOIs
StatePublished - 19 Jul 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • density functional theory
  • photoanodes
  • titanium dioxide
  • water oxidation
  • zinc oxide

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics

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