TY - JOUR
T1 - Critical differences between electron beam melted and selective laser melted Ti-6Al-4 V
AU - Bertsch, K. M.
AU - Voisin, T.
AU - Forien, J. B.
AU - Tiferet, E.
AU - Ganor, Y. I.
AU - Chonin, M.
AU - Wang, Y. M.
AU - Matthews, M. J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge further support from the Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration under Award Number DE-NA0003921 . The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. KMB is partially supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program (20-SI-004) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Rotem Industries and the Nuclear Research Center Negev throughout this work.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge further support from the Department of Energy/National Nuclear Security Administration under Award Number DE-NA0003921. The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. KMB is partially supported by the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) program (20-SI-004) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of Rotem Industries and the Nuclear Research Center Negev throughout this work. This research used resources of the Advanced Light Source, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dula Parkinson and Harold Barnard for beamtime support. Disclaimer: This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time due to technical or time limitations.
Funding Information:
This research used resources of the Advanced Light Source, a U.S. DOE Office of Science User Facility under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors would like to thank Dula Parkinson and Harold Barnard for beamtime support.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - Effective optimization of the production of Ti-6Al-4 V using AM requires a fundamental understanding of the relative importance of different microstructural features to the deformation and failure mechanisms, particularly features that vary between production methods. In this study, the tensile response and deformation mechanisms of electron beam melted (EBM) AM Ti-6Al-4 V material loaded in different orientations and produced using various powder sizes were compared to those of selective laser melted (SLM) AM Ti-6Al-4 V material. The density and morphology of pores, phase fractions, prior-β grains, and defect microstructures were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray computed tomography, electron backscatter diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy before and after deformation. The results were used to evaluate the relative importance of each feature on strengthening, deformation, and failure initiation mechanisms. Results focused primarily on coarse-powder EBM materials indicated that phase distribution and defect density were most influential for determining material yield strength as well as maximum possible strain to failure. Porosity was lower overall in EBM Ti-6Al-4 V than in SLM, allowing for occasional increases in part strain to failure, but remained a limiting factor determining overall part ductility.
AB - Effective optimization of the production of Ti-6Al-4 V using AM requires a fundamental understanding of the relative importance of different microstructural features to the deformation and failure mechanisms, particularly features that vary between production methods. In this study, the tensile response and deformation mechanisms of electron beam melted (EBM) AM Ti-6Al-4 V material loaded in different orientations and produced using various powder sizes were compared to those of selective laser melted (SLM) AM Ti-6Al-4 V material. The density and morphology of pores, phase fractions, prior-β grains, and defect microstructures were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray computed tomography, electron backscatter diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy before and after deformation. The results were used to evaluate the relative importance of each feature on strengthening, deformation, and failure initiation mechanisms. Results focused primarily on coarse-powder EBM materials indicated that phase distribution and defect density were most influential for determining material yield strength as well as maximum possible strain to failure. Porosity was lower overall in EBM Ti-6Al-4 V than in SLM, allowing for occasional increases in part strain to failure, but remained a limiting factor determining overall part ductility.
KW - Deformation
KW - Electron Backscatter Diffraction
KW - Electron Beam Melting
KW - Selective Laser Melting
KW - Ti-6Al-4V
KW - Transmission Electron Microscopy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126952772&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110533
DO - 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.110533
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85126952772
SN - 0264-1275
VL - 216
JO - Materials and Design
JF - Materials and Design
M1 - 110533
ER -