TY - JOUR
T1 - Delivery of drugs to intracellular organelles using drug delivery systems
T2 - Analysis of research trends and targeting efficiencies
AU - Maity, Amit Ranjan
AU - Stepensky, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/12/30
Y1 - 2015/12/30
N2 - Targeting of drug delivery systems (DDSs) to specific intracellular organelles (i.e., subcellular targeting) has been investigated in numerous publications, but targeting efficiency of these systems is seldom reported. We searched scientific publications in the subcellular DDS targeting field and analyzed targeting efficiency and major formulation parameters that affect it. We identified 77 scientific publications that matched the search criteria. In the majority of these studies nanoparticle-based DDSs were applied, while liposomes, quantum dots and conjugates were used less frequently. The nucleus was the most common intracellular target, followed by mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In 65% of the publications, DDSs surface was decorated with specific targeting residues, but the efficiency of this surface decoration was not analyzed in predominant majority of the studies. Moreover, only 23% of the analyzed publications contained quantitative data on DDSs subcellular targeting efficiency, while the majority of publications reported qualitative results only. From the analysis of publications in the subcellular targeting field, it appears that insufficient efforts are devoted to quantitative analysis of the major formulation parameters and of the DDSs' intracellular fate. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for future studies in the field of organelle-specific drug delivery and targeting.
AB - Targeting of drug delivery systems (DDSs) to specific intracellular organelles (i.e., subcellular targeting) has been investigated in numerous publications, but targeting efficiency of these systems is seldom reported. We searched scientific publications in the subcellular DDS targeting field and analyzed targeting efficiency and major formulation parameters that affect it. We identified 77 scientific publications that matched the search criteria. In the majority of these studies nanoparticle-based DDSs were applied, while liposomes, quantum dots and conjugates were used less frequently. The nucleus was the most common intracellular target, followed by mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. In 65% of the publications, DDSs surface was decorated with specific targeting residues, but the efficiency of this surface decoration was not analyzed in predominant majority of the studies. Moreover, only 23% of the analyzed publications contained quantitative data on DDSs subcellular targeting efficiency, while the majority of publications reported qualitative results only. From the analysis of publications in the subcellular targeting field, it appears that insufficient efforts are devoted to quantitative analysis of the major formulation parameters and of the DDSs' intracellular fate. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for future studies in the field of organelle-specific drug delivery and targeting.
KW - Decoration with targeting residues
KW - Drug delivery systems
KW - Subcellular targeting
KW - Targeted drug delivery
KW - Targeting efficiency
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84949591410&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.053
DO - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.053
M3 - Short survey
AN - SCOPUS:84949591410
SN - 0378-5173
VL - 496
SP - 268
EP - 274
JO - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
IS - 2
ER -