TY - JOUR
T1 - Early childhood allergy linked with development of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder
AU - Nemet, Shay
AU - Asher, Ilan
AU - Yoles, Israel
AU - Baevsky, Tuvia
AU - Sthoeger, Zev
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. Pediatric Allergy and Immunology published by European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
PY - 2022/6/1
Y1 - 2022/6/1
N2 - Background: Previous studies reported controversial results regarding the association between allergic disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this article was to investigate whether allergic disorders are associated with ADHD/ASD in a large cohort of pediatric patients. Methods: A retrospective study using the pediatric (0–18 year) database (ICD-9-CM codes) of Clalit Health Services during the years (2000–2018). Diagnosis of all disorders was made by specialist physicians. Results: A total of 117 022 consecutive non-selective allergic children diagnosed with one or more allergic disorder (asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin, food, or drug allergy) and 116 968 non-allergic children were enrolled to our study. The mean follow-up period was 11 ± 6 years. The presence of allergic disorders in early childhood (mean age of allergic diagnosis 4.5 ± 4.3 years) in boys as well as in girls significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD (O.R 2.45, CI 2.39–2.51; p <.0001), ASD (O.R 1.17, CI 1.08–1.27; p <.0001), or both ADHD + ASD (O.R 1.5, CI 1.35–1.79; p <.0001). Children with more than one allergic comorbidity revealed a much higher risk. In a multivariable analysis (adjusted for age at study entry, number of yearly visits, and gender), the risk of allergic children to develop ADHD and ADHD + ASD, but not ASD alone, remained significantly higher. Conclusion: Allergic disorder in early childhood significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD, and to a less extend ASD, in later life.
AB - Background: Previous studies reported controversial results regarding the association between allergic disorders and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)/autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this article was to investigate whether allergic disorders are associated with ADHD/ASD in a large cohort of pediatric patients. Methods: A retrospective study using the pediatric (0–18 year) database (ICD-9-CM codes) of Clalit Health Services during the years (2000–2018). Diagnosis of all disorders was made by specialist physicians. Results: A total of 117 022 consecutive non-selective allergic children diagnosed with one or more allergic disorder (asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, skin, food, or drug allergy) and 116 968 non-allergic children were enrolled to our study. The mean follow-up period was 11 ± 6 years. The presence of allergic disorders in early childhood (mean age of allergic diagnosis 4.5 ± 4.3 years) in boys as well as in girls significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD (O.R 2.45, CI 2.39–2.51; p <.0001), ASD (O.R 1.17, CI 1.08–1.27; p <.0001), or both ADHD + ASD (O.R 1.5, CI 1.35–1.79; p <.0001). Children with more than one allergic comorbidity revealed a much higher risk. In a multivariable analysis (adjusted for age at study entry, number of yearly visits, and gender), the risk of allergic children to develop ADHD and ADHD + ASD, but not ASD alone, remained significantly higher. Conclusion: Allergic disorder in early childhood significantly increased the risk to develop ADHD, and to a less extend ASD, in later life.
KW - ADHD
KW - ASD
KW - gender
KW - pediatric allergic disorders
KW - risk factor
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132842015&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/pai.13819
DO - 10.1111/pai.13819
M3 - Article
C2 - 35754118
AN - SCOPUS:85132842015
SN - 0905-6157
VL - 33
JO - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
JF - Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
IS - 6
M1 - PAI13819
ER -
