Effect of the zenith angle on optical wave propagation in anisotropic non-kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence: A new experiment-based model

The spectral properties of the structural function of atmospheric turbulence can differ in the vertical and horizontal directions. Taking into account the influence of this anisotropy on the signal along the direction of propagation at an angle γ, to the horizon, can be useful in modeling and interpreting the results of measurements. Usually when modeling the propagation of an electromagnetic signal in the anisotropic turbulent atmosphere, the effective anisotropic parameter η is introduced. In the latter case, the dependence of the wave vector is given by the expression k=√η kρ2+kz2, where kz is a vertical component of k, and kρ is horizontal. However, the spectral index of the structural function, α, remains constant and independent of γ. Here, we consider the structural function of atmospheric turbulence with dependence on the propagation angle γ. The existing experimental data show that the spectral index α is a function of height and γ. The dependence of the α parameter on γ is introduced, and it is determined from the experimental measurements of atmospheric turbulent spectra. As an example of using the proposed approach, we present the results of calculations of the log-amplitude variance and propagation of a Gaussian beam through the anisotropic turbulent atmosphere.