TY - JOUR
T1 - Enhanced Optical 13C Hyperpolarization in Diamond Treated by High-Temperature Rapid Thermal Annealing
AU - Gierth, Max
AU - Krespach, Valentin
AU - Shames, Alexander I.
AU - Raghavan, Priyanka
AU - Druga, Emanuel
AU - Nunn, Nicholas
AU - Torelli, Marco
AU - Nirodi, Ruhee
AU - Le, Susan
AU - Zhao, Richard
AU - Aguilar, Alessandra
AU - Lv, Xudong
AU - Shen, Mengze
AU - Meriles, Carlos A.
AU - Reimer, Jeffrey A.
AU - Zaitsev, Alexander
AU - Pines, Alexander
AU - Shenderova, Olga
AU - Ajoy, Ashok
N1 - Funding Information:
It is a pleasure to gratefully acknowledge discussions with B. Gilbert and D. Suter. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 1903803. Adamas acknowledges partial support from the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award No. R43CA232901 and from the NHLBI, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. HHSN268201500010C.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - Methods of optical dynamic nuclear polarization open the door to the replenishable hyperpolarization of nuclear spins, boosting their nuclear magnetic resonance/imaging signatures by orders of magnitude. Nanodiamond powder rich in negatively charged nitrogen vacancy defect centers has recently emerged as one such promising platform, wherein 13C nuclei can be hyperpolarized through the optically pumped defects completely at room temperature. Given the compelling possibility of relaying this 13C polarization to nuclei in external liquids, there is an urgent need for the engineered production of highly “hyperpolarizable” diamond particles. Here, a systematic study of various material dimensions affecting optical 13C hyperpolarization in diamond particles is reported on. It is discovered surprisingly that diamond annealing at elevated temperatures ∼1720 °C has remarkable effects on the hyperpolarization levels enhancing them by above an order of magnitude over materials annealed through conventional means. It is demonstrated these gains arise from a simultaneous improvement in NV− electron relaxation/coherence times, as well as the reduction of paramagnetic content, and an increase in 13C relaxation lifetimes. This work suggests methods for the guided materials production of fluorescent, 13C hyperpolarized, nanodiamonds and pathways for their use as multimodal (optical and magnetic resonance) imaging and hyperpolarization agents.
AB - Methods of optical dynamic nuclear polarization open the door to the replenishable hyperpolarization of nuclear spins, boosting their nuclear magnetic resonance/imaging signatures by orders of magnitude. Nanodiamond powder rich in negatively charged nitrogen vacancy defect centers has recently emerged as one such promising platform, wherein 13C nuclei can be hyperpolarized through the optically pumped defects completely at room temperature. Given the compelling possibility of relaying this 13C polarization to nuclei in external liquids, there is an urgent need for the engineered production of highly “hyperpolarizable” diamond particles. Here, a systematic study of various material dimensions affecting optical 13C hyperpolarization in diamond particles is reported on. It is discovered surprisingly that diamond annealing at elevated temperatures ∼1720 °C has remarkable effects on the hyperpolarization levels enhancing them by above an order of magnitude over materials annealed through conventional means. It is demonstrated these gains arise from a simultaneous improvement in NV− electron relaxation/coherence times, as well as the reduction of paramagnetic content, and an increase in 13C relaxation lifetimes. This work suggests methods for the guided materials production of fluorescent, 13C hyperpolarized, nanodiamonds and pathways for their use as multimodal (optical and magnetic resonance) imaging and hyperpolarization agents.
KW - NV centers
KW - dynamic nuclear polarization
KW - high-temperature annealing
KW - hyperpolarization
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104506017&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/qute.202000050
DO - 10.1002/qute.202000050
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85104506017
SN - 2511-9044
VL - 3
JO - Advanced Quantum Technologies
JF - Advanced Quantum Technologies
IS - 10
M1 - 2000050
ER -