TY - JOUR
T1 - Evaluating the use of garlic (Allium sativum) for the remedy of Cryptocaryon irritans in guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
AU - Hyun Kim, Ji
AU - Fridman, Sophie
AU - Borochov-Neori, Hamutal
AU - Sinai, Tamar
AU - Zilberg, Dina
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture, grant no. 87356011.
Funding Information:
Funding Information This work was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Agriculture, grant no. 87356011. The authors thank Dr. Angelo Colorni and Dr. Galit Sharon from the Israeli Oceanographic and Limnological Research (IOLR), Eilat, for providing the parasite Cryptocaryon irritans.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - Garlic (Allium sativum) has been shown to possess antimicrobial properties against a range of disease-causing agents, including fish parasites. Our study aimed to investigate the potential use of garlic as a treatment against Cryptocaryon irritans infection, using guppies (Poecilia reticulata) as the fish model. Garlic was freeze-dried, powdered, and used as it is or as an aqueous extract. The content of allicin, its main active ingredient, was 1.25 mg/g in garlic powder and 0.82 mg/ml in the aqueous extract, as determined by HPLC analysis. Aqueous garlic extract fully immobilized C. irritans theronts and protomonts within 20 and 40 min, respectively, following exposure to 5 µl/ml. Treatment trials were performed, in which infected fish were fed with garlic powder-supplemented feeds (5%, 10%, or 20% supplementation), bathed in garlic aqueous extract (250 or 500 µl/L) and subjected to a combined treatment which included both feeding and bathing. Results revealed that the tested treatments failed to cure the infection, though reduction in infection intensity on the caudal fin, but not on the gills, was evident following dietary supplementation with 20% of powdered garlic in one of the trials.
AB - Garlic (Allium sativum) has been shown to possess antimicrobial properties against a range of disease-causing agents, including fish parasites. Our study aimed to investigate the potential use of garlic as a treatment against Cryptocaryon irritans infection, using guppies (Poecilia reticulata) as the fish model. Garlic was freeze-dried, powdered, and used as it is or as an aqueous extract. The content of allicin, its main active ingredient, was 1.25 mg/g in garlic powder and 0.82 mg/ml in the aqueous extract, as determined by HPLC analysis. Aqueous garlic extract fully immobilized C. irritans theronts and protomonts within 20 and 40 min, respectively, following exposure to 5 µl/ml. Treatment trials were performed, in which infected fish were fed with garlic powder-supplemented feeds (5%, 10%, or 20% supplementation), bathed in garlic aqueous extract (250 or 500 µl/L) and subjected to a combined treatment which included both feeding and bathing. Results revealed that the tested treatments failed to cure the infection, though reduction in infection intensity on the caudal fin, but not on the gills, was evident following dietary supplementation with 20% of powdered garlic in one of the trials.
KW - Cryptocaryon irritans
KW - feeding
KW - garlic
KW - guppies
KW - immersion
KW - treatment
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85057783522&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/are.13904
DO - 10.1111/are.13904
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85057783522
SN - 1355-557X
VL - 50
SP - 431
EP - 438
JO - Aquaculture Research
JF - Aquaculture Research
IS - 2
ER -