Experimental strategies to enhance in vitro production of plant secondary metabolites

Plants are the prime source of vital secondary metabolites (SMs), which are medicinally important for drug development, and these SMs are often used by plants in various important tasks like defense against herbivores and interspecies defenses. However, plants in nature have generated only a small quantity of SMs, and recent research has concentrated on improving SM synthesis to meet industry demand. Thus the techniques for plant cell culture were introduced and high amounts of SMs were synthesized. In in vitro conditions for SM development, different forms of experimental strategies have been followed. The goal of this review was therefore to present various techniques and elicitors of cell cultures used for the commercial development of SMs and to address the hypothesis of biotechnological techniques used in the past and future.