Gangrene of the lung: Treatment in two stages

Background. Pulmonary gangrene is a rare complication of severe lung infection with devitalization of lung parenchyma and secondary infection. If untreated, gangrene of the lung leads to sepsis, multiple-organ failure, and death. Resection of all gangrenous tissue is mandatory and is lifesaving. Pleural empyema commonly accompanies gangrene of the lung; in its presence, dissection of hilar structures for resection can lead to mediastinitis or bronchopleural fistula and should be avoided. Methods. Three patients with pulmonary gangrene were treated in two stages: immediate fenestration first and then delayed resection of gangrenous lung in a clean field and immediate closure of the pleural window. Results. Two patients underwent pneumonectomy and 1 patient, lobectomy. All patients recovered without complications. Conclusions. Creation of a pleural window (fenestration) for 1 week enables safe and curative resection of a gangrenous lung or lobe in a clean field and in a patient in stable condition.