TY - JOUR
T1 - Global effects of non-native tree species on multiple ecosystem services
AU - Castro-Díez, Pilar
AU - Vaz, Ana Sofia
AU - Silva, Joaquim S.
AU - van Loo, Marcela
AU - Alonso, Álvaro
AU - Aponte, Cristina
AU - Bayón, Álvaro
AU - Bellingham, Peter J.
AU - Chiuffo, Mariana C.
AU - DiManno, Nicole
AU - Julian, Kahua
AU - Kandert, Susanne
AU - La Porta, Nicola
AU - Marchante, Hélia
AU - Maule, Hamish G.
AU - Mayfield, Margaret M.
AU - Metcalfe, Daniel
AU - Monteverdi, M. Cristina
AU - Núñez, Martín A.
AU - Ostertag, Rebecca
AU - Parker, Ingrid M.
AU - Peltzer, Duane A.
AU - Potgieter, Luke J.
AU - Raymundo, Maia
AU - Rayome, Donald
AU - Reisman-Berman, Orna
AU - Richardson, David M.
AU - Roos, Ruben E.
AU - Saldaña, Asunción
AU - Shackleton, Ross T.
AU - Torres, Agostina
AU - Trudgen, Melinda
AU - Urban, Josef
AU - Vicente, Joana R.
AU - Vilà, Montserrat
AU - Ylioja, Tiina
AU - Zenni, Rafael D.
AU - Godoy, Oscar
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 The Authors. Biological Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Cambridge Philosophical Society.
PY - 2019/8/1
Y1 - 2019/8/1
N2 - Non-native tree (NNT) species have been transported worldwide to create or enhance services that are fundamental for human well-being, such as timber provision, erosion control or ornamental value; yet NNTs can also produce undesired effects, such as fire proneness or pollen allergenicity. Despite the variety of effects that NNTs have on multiple ecosystem services, a global quantitative assessment of their costs and benefits is still lacking. Such information is critical for decision-making, management and sustainable exploitation of NNTs. We present here a global assessment of NNT effects on the three main categories of ecosystem services, including regulating (RES), provisioning (PES) and cultural services (CES), and on an ecosystem disservice (EDS), i.e. pollen allergenicity. By searching the scientific literature, country forestry reports, and social media, we compiled a global data set of 1683 case studies from over 125 NNT species, covering 44 countries, all continents but Antarctica, and seven biomes. Using different meta-analysis techniques, we found that, while NNTs increase most RES (e.g. climate regulation, soil erosion control, fertility and formation), they decrease PES (e.g. NNTs contribute less than native trees to global timber provision). Also, they have different effects on CES (e.g. increase aesthetic values but decrease scientific interest), and no effect on the EDS considered. NNT effects on each ecosystem (dis)service showed a strong context dependency, varying across NNT types, biomes and socio-economic conditions. For instance, some RES are increased more by NNTs able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, and when the ecosystem is located in low-latitude biomes; some CES are increased more by NNTs in less-wealthy countries or in countries with higher gross domestic products. The effects of NNTs on several ecosystem (dis)services exhibited some synergies (e.g. among soil fertility, soil formation and climate regulation or between aesthetic values and pollen allergenicity), but also trade-offs (e.g. between fire regulation and soil erosion control). Our analyses provide a quantitative understanding of the complex synergies, trade-offs and context dependencies involved for the effects of NNTs that is essential for attaining a sustained provision of ecosystem services.
AB - Non-native tree (NNT) species have been transported worldwide to create or enhance services that are fundamental for human well-being, such as timber provision, erosion control or ornamental value; yet NNTs can also produce undesired effects, such as fire proneness or pollen allergenicity. Despite the variety of effects that NNTs have on multiple ecosystem services, a global quantitative assessment of their costs and benefits is still lacking. Such information is critical for decision-making, management and sustainable exploitation of NNTs. We present here a global assessment of NNT effects on the three main categories of ecosystem services, including regulating (RES), provisioning (PES) and cultural services (CES), and on an ecosystem disservice (EDS), i.e. pollen allergenicity. By searching the scientific literature, country forestry reports, and social media, we compiled a global data set of 1683 case studies from over 125 NNT species, covering 44 countries, all continents but Antarctica, and seven biomes. Using different meta-analysis techniques, we found that, while NNTs increase most RES (e.g. climate regulation, soil erosion control, fertility and formation), they decrease PES (e.g. NNTs contribute less than native trees to global timber provision). Also, they have different effects on CES (e.g. increase aesthetic values but decrease scientific interest), and no effect on the EDS considered. NNT effects on each ecosystem (dis)service showed a strong context dependency, varying across NNT types, biomes and socio-economic conditions. For instance, some RES are increased more by NNTs able to fix atmospheric nitrogen, and when the ecosystem is located in low-latitude biomes; some CES are increased more by NNTs in less-wealthy countries or in countries with higher gross domestic products. The effects of NNTs on several ecosystem (dis)services exhibited some synergies (e.g. among soil fertility, soil formation and climate regulation or between aesthetic values and pollen allergenicity), but also trade-offs (e.g. between fire regulation and soil erosion control). Our analyses provide a quantitative understanding of the complex synergies, trade-offs and context dependencies involved for the effects of NNTs that is essential for attaining a sustained provision of ecosystem services.
KW - biological invasions
KW - cultural ecosystem services
KW - exotic trees
KW - forestry
KW - global assessment
KW - meta-analysis
KW - provisioning ecosystem services
KW - regulating ecosystem services
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85064477625&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/brv.12511
DO - 10.1111/brv.12511
M3 - Article
C2 - 30974048
AN - SCOPUS:85064477625
SN - 1464-7931
VL - 94
SP - 1477
EP - 1501
JO - Biological Reviews
JF - Biological Reviews
IS - 4
ER -