TY - JOUR
T1 - High tissue factor activity and low tissue factor pathway inhibitor concentrations in patients with preterm labor
AU - Erez, Offer
AU - Romero, Roberto
AU - Vaisbuch, Edi
AU - Kusanovic, Juan Pedro
AU - Mazaki-Tovi, Shali
AU - Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn
AU - Gotsch, Francesca
AU - Fareed, Jawed
AU - Hoppensteadt, Debra
AU - Than, Nandor Gabor
AU - Yoon, Bo Hyun
AU - Edwin, Sam
AU - Dong, Zhong
AU - Espinoza, Jimmy
AU - Mazor, Moshe
AU - Hassan, Sonia S.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported (in part) by the Perinatology Research Branch, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS.
PY - 2010/1/1
Y1 - 2010/1/1
N2 - Objective. Preterm labor (PTL) has been associated with an increased thrombin generation in the maternal circulation and amniotic fluid. Tissue factor (TF) is a potent initiator of the coagulation cascade, which can trigger the hemostatic system to generate thrombin. The aims of this study were to determine whether spontaneous PTL with intact membranes is associated with changes in the maternal plasma concentrations and activity of TF as well as tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). Methods. This cross-sectional study included women in the following groups: (1) normal pregnancies (n = 86); (2) term pregnancies in spontaneous labor (TIL) (n = 67) and not in labor (TNL) (n = 88); and (3) patients with spontaneous PTL and intact membranes (n = 136) that were classified into three sub-groups: (a) PTL without intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) who delivered at term (n = 49); (b) PTL without IAI who delivered preterm (n = 54); and (c) PTL with IAI who delivered preterm (n = 33). Plasma concentrations of TF and TFPI were measured by ELISA, and their activity was measured by chromogenic assays. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. Results. (1)Amongwomen at term, those with spontaneous labor had a higher median maternal plasmaTFand a lower median TFPI concentration than those without labor. (2) Patients with PTL had a significantly lower median maternal plasma TFPI concentration than that of normal pregnant women, regardless of the presence of IAI. (3) There was no significant difference in themedian maternal plasmaTFconcentration betweenpatientswith a normal pregnancy andthosewithPTL.(4) In contrast, the median maternal plasma TF activity was higher among patients with PTL than in women with normal pregnancies, regardless of the presence of IAI or preterm delivery. (5) However, maternal plasma TFPI activity did not differ among the study groups. Conclusion. Women with preterm parturition, in contrast to those in labor at term, have a higher TF activity and a lower TFPI concentration, without a significant change in the median maternal plasma TF concentration. These observations suggest that the increased thrombin generation reported in patients with PTL may be the result of activation of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. In addition, the increased thrombin generation reported in patients with PTL could be due to insufficient anti-coagulation, as reflected by the low maternal plasma TFPI concentration.
AB - Objective. Preterm labor (PTL) has been associated with an increased thrombin generation in the maternal circulation and amniotic fluid. Tissue factor (TF) is a potent initiator of the coagulation cascade, which can trigger the hemostatic system to generate thrombin. The aims of this study were to determine whether spontaneous PTL with intact membranes is associated with changes in the maternal plasma concentrations and activity of TF as well as tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI). Methods. This cross-sectional study included women in the following groups: (1) normal pregnancies (n = 86); (2) term pregnancies in spontaneous labor (TIL) (n = 67) and not in labor (TNL) (n = 88); and (3) patients with spontaneous PTL and intact membranes (n = 136) that were classified into three sub-groups: (a) PTL without intra-amniotic infection and/or inflammation (IAI) who delivered at term (n = 49); (b) PTL without IAI who delivered preterm (n = 54); and (c) PTL with IAI who delivered preterm (n = 33). Plasma concentrations of TF and TFPI were measured by ELISA, and their activity was measured by chromogenic assays. Non-parametric statistics were used for analysis. Results. (1)Amongwomen at term, those with spontaneous labor had a higher median maternal plasmaTFand a lower median TFPI concentration than those without labor. (2) Patients with PTL had a significantly lower median maternal plasma TFPI concentration than that of normal pregnant women, regardless of the presence of IAI. (3) There was no significant difference in themedian maternal plasmaTFconcentration betweenpatientswith a normal pregnancy andthosewithPTL.(4) In contrast, the median maternal plasma TF activity was higher among patients with PTL than in women with normal pregnancies, regardless of the presence of IAI or preterm delivery. (5) However, maternal plasma TFPI activity did not differ among the study groups. Conclusion. Women with preterm parturition, in contrast to those in labor at term, have a higher TF activity and a lower TFPI concentration, without a significant change in the median maternal plasma TF concentration. These observations suggest that the increased thrombin generation reported in patients with PTL may be the result of activation of the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. In addition, the increased thrombin generation reported in patients with PTL could be due to insufficient anti-coagulation, as reflected by the low maternal plasma TFPI concentration.
KW - Intra-amniotic inflammation
KW - Parturition
KW - Preterm delivery
KW - TFPI/TF ratio
KW - Thrombin generation
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=73849103332&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/14767050902994770
DO - 10.3109/14767050902994770
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:73849103332
SN - 1476-7058
VL - 23
SP - 23
EP - 33
JO - Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
JF - Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine
IS - 1
ER -