TY - JOUR
T1 - Higher rates of allergies, autoimmune diseases and low-grade inflammation markers in treatment-resistant major depression
AU - Lauden, Ari
AU - Geishin, Akim
AU - Merzon, Eugene
AU - Korobeinikov, Andrew
AU - Green, Ilan
AU - Golan-Cohen, Avivit
AU - Vinker, Shlomo
AU - Manor, Iris
AU - Weizman, Abraham
AU - Magen, Eli
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/10/1
Y1 - 2021/10/1
N2 - Only 30% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) reach full recovery or remission. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is MDD that does not respond to adequate treatment attempts with at least two antidepressants. TRD is associated more with immune activation than with treatment responsive depression. The current retrospective population-based cross-sectional study, utilizing data from a large nation-wide health maintenance organization in Israel which provides services to estimated 725,000 members, aimed to assess the clinical signs and laboratory markers of autoimmune comorbidity and low-grade inflammation, in patients with TRD. Included were participants aged 18–70 years, diagnosed twice within one year with ICD-9-CM MDD and two control groups, MDD responders (MDD-r) consisting of people with MDD and no TRD and a non-MDD group that included people with no MDD or TRD. The case (570 subjects in TRD group) to control ratio in both control groups (2850 subjects in MDD-r and 2850 subjects in non-MDD control group) was 1:5. Compared to MDD-r, the overall proportion of allergic diseases was higher among the TRD than among the MDD-r [OR 1.52 (1.19–1.94); p < 0.001]. Any systemic autoimmune disease was associated with increased likelihood of MDD-r [OR 1.52 (1.04–2.24); p = 0.03] or TRD [OR 2.22 (1.30–3.78); p = 0.003]. Higher rates of positive (>1:80) antinuclear antibodies [33 (5.79%)] were found among the TRD than among the MDD-r [98 (3.44%); p = 0.011). More allergy and autoimmune comorbidities and presence of low-grade inflammation biomarkers, were found mainly in TRD.
AB - Only 30% of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) reach full recovery or remission. Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is MDD that does not respond to adequate treatment attempts with at least two antidepressants. TRD is associated more with immune activation than with treatment responsive depression. The current retrospective population-based cross-sectional study, utilizing data from a large nation-wide health maintenance organization in Israel which provides services to estimated 725,000 members, aimed to assess the clinical signs and laboratory markers of autoimmune comorbidity and low-grade inflammation, in patients with TRD. Included were participants aged 18–70 years, diagnosed twice within one year with ICD-9-CM MDD and two control groups, MDD responders (MDD-r) consisting of people with MDD and no TRD and a non-MDD group that included people with no MDD or TRD. The case (570 subjects in TRD group) to control ratio in both control groups (2850 subjects in MDD-r and 2850 subjects in non-MDD control group) was 1:5. Compared to MDD-r, the overall proportion of allergic diseases was higher among the TRD than among the MDD-r [OR 1.52 (1.19–1.94); p < 0.001]. Any systemic autoimmune disease was associated with increased likelihood of MDD-r [OR 1.52 (1.04–2.24); p = 0.03] or TRD [OR 2.22 (1.30–3.78); p = 0.003]. Higher rates of positive (>1:80) antinuclear antibodies [33 (5.79%)] were found among the TRD than among the MDD-r [98 (3.44%); p = 0.011). More allergy and autoimmune comorbidities and presence of low-grade inflammation biomarkers, were found mainly in TRD.
KW - Allergy
KW - Autoimmune
KW - Depression
KW - Inflammation
KW - Low-grade
KW - Resistant
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85132173095&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100313
DO - 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100313
M3 - Article
C2 - 34589804
AN - SCOPUS:85132173095
SN - 2666-3546
VL - 16
JO - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health
JF - Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - Health
M1 - 100313
ER -