Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and persons with disability/intellectual disability

We have now known the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) since 1983, which has spread to all corners of our world. Somehow the population of persons with a disability has been neglected in research and outreach programs in spite of this population being at higher risk for exploitation and abuse. There are very few studies that have estimated prevalence in this population, but an international survey of 57 countries found that persons with a disability were at a significant risk of becoming infected with HIV in all the countries. This chapter looks at current information about the population with a disability and specifically intellectual disability. The population of persons with intellectual disability, both in community and residential facilities, is a sexually active population and there is a need for educational activities in order to prevent the occurrence of HIV infection or other disease transferred by sexual activity.