Imaging Modalities in Venous-Thromboembolism: Ultrasound for Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in hospitalized patients. It is suspected that most Pulmonary Embolism’s (PE’s) originate from the deep veins of the lower limbs and pelvis. Therefore, Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) diagnosis is imperative. Ultrasound (US) is the modality of choice for the diagnosis of DVT and there are several exam protocols in the literature. The purpose of this chapter is to review the vascular anatomy of the lower limb and set the theoretical and practical knowledge necessary in order to perform Ultrasound (US) scans of the lower limb. Venous disease and lower limb US are specialist areas, and theoretical knowledge cannot substitute for practical knowledge. For that reason, we recommend an initial period of practical experience alongside an expert. In any case of doubt, consider consulting an experienced radiologist in your institute.