TY - JOUR
T1 - Immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants after two or three primary vaccinations
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Rückinger, Simon
AU - Dagan, Ron
AU - Albers, Lucia
AU - Schönberger, Katharina
AU - von Kries, Rüdiger
N1 - Funding Information:
Contributors: R.v.K. has received grant/research support from Wyeth and GlaxoSmithKline, each of which have pneumococcal conjugate vaccines licensed. R.D. has received grant/research support from Wyeth, has been a scientific consultant for, and has received speaker fees from GlaxoSmithKline and Wyeth. S.R. has received travel grants from GlaxoSmithKline and Wyeth.
PY - 2011/12/6
Y1 - 2011/12/6
N2 - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been successfully used in infant vaccination programs. While most countries have used vaccination schedules with three primary immunisations and one booster dose, some countries have implemented schedules with only two primary immunisations and a booster dose. This systematic review aims to summarize evidence on immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants comparing two and three primary immunisations before a booster dose is given. We systematically reviewed papers published between 1999 and 2011. Results from individual studies were pooled in a meta-analysis with the difference in proportion of children achieving serotype-specific ELISA antibody levels of ≥0.35 μg/ml. We estimated that about 10% less children achieve ELISA antibody levels of ≥0.35 μg/ml after two primary immunisations compared to three primary immunisations for most of serotypes included in one of the licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. This difference in proportion was higher for serotypes 6B and 23F, where -49.4% (-66.0; -32.9%) and -26.9% (-37.2%; -16.6%) less children achieved protective antibody levels. These results support the notion that the majority of children are protected by two primary immunisations with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in the first year of life. However, for serotypes 6B and 23F protection may be reduced.
AB - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines have been successfully used in infant vaccination programs. While most countries have used vaccination schedules with three primary immunisations and one booster dose, some countries have implemented schedules with only two primary immunisations and a booster dose. This systematic review aims to summarize evidence on immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants comparing two and three primary immunisations before a booster dose is given. We systematically reviewed papers published between 1999 and 2011. Results from individual studies were pooled in a meta-analysis with the difference in proportion of children achieving serotype-specific ELISA antibody levels of ≥0.35 μg/ml. We estimated that about 10% less children achieve ELISA antibody levels of ≥0.35 μg/ml after two primary immunisations compared to three primary immunisations for most of serotypes included in one of the licensed pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. This difference in proportion was higher for serotypes 6B and 23F, where -49.4% (-66.0; -32.9%) and -26.9% (-37.2%; -16.6%) less children achieved protective antibody levels. These results support the notion that the majority of children are protected by two primary immunisations with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in the first year of life. However, for serotypes 6B and 23F protection may be reduced.
KW - Immunogenicity
KW - Invasive pneumococcal disease
KW - Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=82555165942&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.011
DO - 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.011
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21933696
AN - SCOPUS:82555165942
VL - 29
SP - 9600
EP - 9606
JO - Vaccine
JF - Vaccine
SN - 0264-410X
IS - 52
ER -