Improving knowledge and skills for use of medication by patients after stroke: Evaluation of a nursing intervention

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if a tailored nursing intervention, as opposed to usual rehabilitation care, can improve knowledge and behavioral skills for correct use of medication use in aged stroke patients. DESIGN: Stratified random sampling created two homogenous groups: 73 intervention patients, who were provided with the nursing intervention program along with usual rehabilitation care, and 82 controls, who underwent usual rehabilitation care alone. Participants were assessed within the first week of admission to the rehabilitation ward, 3 mos after stroke (at the end of the intervention), and 6 mos after stroke. An assessment instrument measuring correct knowledge and skills concerning medications was used. RESULTS: After 3 and 6 mos, intervention subjects were significantly better than controls in knowledge of shape and dosage of their medications, in knowledge of side effects and correct response to side effects, and in adherence to their dietary regimen. However, for knowledge of color and daily schedule of medications, there were differences at 3 mos, but differences were diminished after 6 mos. CONCLUSIONS: This nursing intervention, tailored to the specific needs of the aged stroke patient, increased the patients' knowledge and skills concerning medication therapy, but to a limited extent and for a limited time.