JWST's PEARLS: 119 multiply imaged galaxies behind MACS0416, lensing properties of caustic crossing galaxies, and the relation between halo mass and number of globular clusters at z = 0.4

Jose M. Diego, Nathan J. Adams, Steven P. Willner, Tom Harvey, Tom Broadhurst, Seth H. Cohen, Rolf A. Jansen, Jake Summers, Rogier A. Windhorst, Jordan C.J. D'Silva, Anton M. Koekemoer, Dan Coe, Christopher J. Conselice, Simon P. Driver, Brenda Frye, Norman A. Grogin, Madeline A. Marshall, Mario Nonino, Rafael Ortiz, Nor PirzkalAaron Robotham, Russell E. Ryan, Christopher N.A. Willmer, Haojing Yan, Fengwu Sun, Kevin Hainline, Jessica Berkheimer, Maria Del Carmen Polletta, Adi Zitrin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present a new lens model for the z = 0.396 galaxy cluster MACS J0416.1 -2403 based on a previously known set of 77 spectroscop-ically confirmed, multiply imaged galaxies plus an additional set of 42 candidate multiply imaged galaxies from past HST and new JWST data. The new galaxies lack spectroscopic redshifts but have geometric and/or photometric redshift estimates that are presented here. The new model predicts magnifications and time delays for all multiple images. The full set of constraints totals 343, constituting the largest sample of multiple images lensed by a single cluster to date. Caustic-crossing galaxies lensed by this cluster are especially interesting. Some of these galaxies show transient events, most of which are interpreted as micro-lensing of stars at cosmological distances. These caustic-crossing arcs are expected to show similar events in future, deeper JWST observations. We provide time delay and magnification models for all these arcs. The time delays and the magnifications for different arcs are generally anti-correlated. In the major sub-halos of the cluster, the dark-matter mass from our lens model correlates well with the observed number of globular clusters, as expected from N-body simulations. This confirms earlier results, derived at lower redshifts, which suggest that globular clusters can be used as powerful mass proxies for the halo masses when lensing constraints are scarce or not available.

Original languageEnglish
Article numberA114
JournalAstronomy and Astrophysics
Volume690
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Oct 2024

Keywords

  • Dark matter
  • Galaxies: clusters: individual: MACS J0416.1-2403 (MACS0416)
  • Galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium
  • Gravitational lensing: strong

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

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