Link budget and radio coverage design for various multipath urban communication links

This study deals with theoretical and experimental prediction of types of fading, slow and fast, and the total path loss that occur in the urban land radio channel for various elevations of base station and moving subscriber antenna with respect to building rooftops. A new distribution function, which covers the well-known classical Rice and Rayleigh statistical distributions, is derived on the basis of experimental data obtained for various situations in the urban scene and of the stochastic multiparametric model that describes multiray effects that occur in the urban communication link. The total path loss is derived for various urban propagation scenarios, taking into account the corresponding fading caused by shadowing and multipath effects. Radio maps of two experimental urban sites are designed. On the basis of the topographic features of one of these sites, the optimal number of antennas and their positions are predicted to achieve maximum radio coverage of area of service. The obtained results allow us to use the proposed unified stochastic model for slow and fast fading effects estimation in link budget performance and radio map design only on the basis of the topographic map of the corresponding terrain under investigations, the buildings' overlay profile, and the parameters of the base station antennas.