Morphology changes due to AC induced electromigration in Gd islands on W(1 1 0)

H. Realpe; N. Shamir; M. H. Mintz; Y. Manassen

doi:10.1016/j.susc.2006.12.037

Morphology changes due to AC induced electromigration in Gd islands on W(1 1 0)

H. Realpe, N. Shamir, M. H. Mintz, Y. Manassen

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Gd islands were grown on W(1 1 0) surface by evaporating Gd on the substrate at room temperature and subsequent annealing. STM images reveal in many cases islands which have a deep hole inside them. The appearance of the hole is associated with the application of an AC field. No such holes appear when the sample is heated by a DC current. We show that this can be explained by the combined affect of the AC field and the barrier to diffusion introduced by steps that can create a nucleus for further growth of an island which includes a hole in the middle. This may be generalized to a technique of tailoring the size, shape and distances of islands by, for example, two orthogonal AC fields with a phase delay of 90° between them.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1177-1183
Number of pages	7
Journal	Surface Science
Volume	601
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2006.12.037
State	Published - 1 Mar 2007

Keywords

Gadolinium
Scanning tunneling microscopy
Surface morphology
Surface thermodynamics

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Condensed Matter Physics
Surfaces and Interfaces
Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Materials Chemistry

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10.1016/j.susc.2006.12.037

Cite this

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title = "Morphology changes due to AC induced electromigration in Gd islands on W(1 1 0)",

abstract = "Gd islands were grown on W(1 1 0) surface by evaporating Gd on the substrate at room temperature and subsequent annealing. STM images reveal in many cases islands which have a deep hole inside them. The appearance of the hole is associated with the application of an AC field. No such holes appear when the sample is heated by a DC current. We show that this can be explained by the combined affect of the AC field and the barrier to diffusion introduced by steps that can create a nucleus for further growth of an island which includes a hole in the middle. This may be generalized to a technique of tailoring the size, shape and distances of islands by, for example, two orthogonal AC fields with a phase delay of 90° between them.",

keywords = "Gadolinium, Scanning tunneling microscopy, Surface morphology, Surface thermodynamics",

author = "H. Realpe and N. Shamir and Mintz, {M. H.} and Y. Manassen",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the German Israeli Foundation (GIF) and a grant from the Israel Council for Higher Education and the Israel Atomic Energy Commission. The authors thank Prof. J. Krug for a useful discussion. ",

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AU - Realpe, H.

AU - Shamir, N.

AU - Mintz, M. H.

AU - Manassen, Y.

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the German Israeli Foundation (GIF) and a grant from the Israel Council for Higher Education and the Israel Atomic Energy Commission. The authors thank Prof. J. Krug for a useful discussion.

PY - 2007/3/1

Y1 - 2007/3/1

N2 - Gd islands were grown on W(1 1 0) surface by evaporating Gd on the substrate at room temperature and subsequent annealing. STM images reveal in many cases islands which have a deep hole inside them. The appearance of the hole is associated with the application of an AC field. No such holes appear when the sample is heated by a DC current. We show that this can be explained by the combined affect of the AC field and the barrier to diffusion introduced by steps that can create a nucleus for further growth of an island which includes a hole in the middle. This may be generalized to a technique of tailoring the size, shape and distances of islands by, for example, two orthogonal AC fields with a phase delay of 90° between them.

AB - Gd islands were grown on W(1 1 0) surface by evaporating Gd on the substrate at room temperature and subsequent annealing. STM images reveal in many cases islands which have a deep hole inside them. The appearance of the hole is associated with the application of an AC field. No such holes appear when the sample is heated by a DC current. We show that this can be explained by the combined affect of the AC field and the barrier to diffusion introduced by steps that can create a nucleus for further growth of an island which includes a hole in the middle. This may be generalized to a technique of tailoring the size, shape and distances of islands by, for example, two orthogonal AC fields with a phase delay of 90° between them.

KW - Gadolinium

KW - Scanning tunneling microscopy

KW - Surface morphology

KW - Surface thermodynamics

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JO - Surface Science

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Morphology changes due to AC induced electromigration in Gd islands on W(1 1 0)

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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