TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-pass guided atomic Sagnac interferometer for high-performance rotation sensing
AU - Moukouri, Samuel
AU - Japha, Yonathan
AU - Keil, Mark
AU - David, Tal
AU - Groswasser, David
AU - Givon, Menachem
AU - Folman, Ron
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - Matter-wave interferometry with atoms propagating in a guiding potential
is expected to provide compact, scalable and precise inertial sensing.
However, a rotation sensing device based on the Sagnac effect with atoms
guided in a ring has not yet been implemented despite continuous efforts
during the last two decades. Here we discuss some intrinsic effects that
limit the coherence in such a device and propose a scheme that overcomes
these limitations and enables a multi-pass guiding Sagnac interferometer
with a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) on a chip in a ring potential. We
analyze crucial dephasing effects: potential roughness, phase diffusion
due to atom-atom interactions and number uncertainty, and phase
fluctuations. Owing to the recent progress in achieving high momentum
beam splitting, creating smooth guides, and manipulating the
matter-wavepacket propagation, guided interferometry can be implemented
within the coherence time allowed by phase diffusion. Despite the lower
particle flux in a guided Sagnac ring and the miniaturization of the
interferometer, the estimated sensitivity, for reasonable and practical
realizations of an atom chip-based gyroscope, is comparable to that of
free-space interferometers, reaching 45 nrads^{-1}Hz^{-1/2}. A
significant improvement over state-of-the-art free-space gyrocope
sensitivities can be envisioned by using thermal atoms instead of a BEC,
whereby the interferometer can be operated in a continuous fashion with
the coherence limited by the scattering rate of the atoms with the
background gas. Taking into account the sensitivity times length of the
interferometer as the figure of merit which takes into account
compactness, our configuration is expected to deliver a potential
improvement of 2-4 orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art free-space
gyroscopes for a BEC, and 4-6 orders of magnitude for thermal atoms.
AB - Matter-wave interferometry with atoms propagating in a guiding potential
is expected to provide compact, scalable and precise inertial sensing.
However, a rotation sensing device based on the Sagnac effect with atoms
guided in a ring has not yet been implemented despite continuous efforts
during the last two decades. Here we discuss some intrinsic effects that
limit the coherence in such a device and propose a scheme that overcomes
these limitations and enables a multi-pass guiding Sagnac interferometer
with a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) on a chip in a ring potential. We
analyze crucial dephasing effects: potential roughness, phase diffusion
due to atom-atom interactions and number uncertainty, and phase
fluctuations. Owing to the recent progress in achieving high momentum
beam splitting, creating smooth guides, and manipulating the
matter-wavepacket propagation, guided interferometry can be implemented
within the coherence time allowed by phase diffusion. Despite the lower
particle flux in a guided Sagnac ring and the miniaturization of the
interferometer, the estimated sensitivity, for reasonable and practical
realizations of an atom chip-based gyroscope, is comparable to that of
free-space interferometers, reaching 45 nrads^{-1}Hz^{-1/2}. A
significant improvement over state-of-the-art free-space gyrocope
sensitivities can be envisioned by using thermal atoms instead of a BEC,
whereby the interferometer can be operated in a continuous fashion with
the coherence limited by the scattering rate of the atoms with the
background gas. Taking into account the sensitivity times length of the
interferometer as the figure of merit which takes into account
compactness, our configuration is expected to deliver a potential
improvement of 2-4 orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art free-space
gyroscopes for a BEC, and 4-6 orders of magnitude for thermal atoms.
KW - Physics - Atomic Physics
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JO - arXiv preprint
JF - arXiv preprint
ER -