TY - JOUR
T1 - National differences in gender-science stereotypes predict national sex differences in science and math achievement
AU - Nosek, Brian A.
AU - Smyth, Frederick L.
AU - Sriram, N.
AU - Lindner, Nicole M.
AU - Devos, Thierry
AU - Ayala, Alfonso
AU - Bar-Anan, Yoav
AU - Bergh, Robin
AU - Cai, Huajian
AU - Gonsalkorale, Karen
AU - Kesebir, Selin
AU - Maliszewski, Norbert
AU - Neto, Félix
AU - Olli, Eero
AU - Park, Jaihyun
AU - Schnabel, Konrad
AU - Shiomura, Kimihiro
AU - Tulbure, Bogdan Tudor
AU - Wiers, Reinout W.
AU - Somogyi, Mónika
AU - Akrami, Nazar
AU - Ekehammar, Bo
AU - Vianello, Michelangelo
AU - Banaji, Mahzarin R.
AU - Greenwald, Anthony G.
PY - 2009/6/30
Y1 - 2009/6/30
N2 - About 70% of more than half a million Implicit Association Tests completed by citizens of 34 countries revealed expected implicit stereotypes associating science with males more than with females. We discovered that nation-level implicit stereotypes predicted nation-level sex differences in 8th-grade science and mathematics achievement. Self-reported stereotypes did not provide additional predictive validity of the achievement gap. We suggest that implicit stereotypes and sex differences in science participation and performance are mutually reinforcing, contributing to the persistent gender gap in science engagement.
AB - About 70% of more than half a million Implicit Association Tests completed by citizens of 34 countries revealed expected implicit stereotypes associating science with males more than with females. We discovered that nation-level implicit stereotypes predicted nation-level sex differences in 8th-grade science and mathematics achievement. Self-reported stereotypes did not provide additional predictive validity of the achievement gap. We suggest that implicit stereotypes and sex differences in science participation and performance are mutually reinforcing, contributing to the persistent gender gap in science engagement.
KW - Culture
KW - Implicit Association Test
KW - Implicit social cognition
KW - Social psychology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=67649774585&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.0809921106
DO - 10.1073/pnas.0809921106
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:67649774585
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 106
SP - 10593
EP - 10597
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 26
ER -
