Near Field Dipole-Dipole Coupling near Conductive Plate in the Microwave Range: An RF Analogue to Förster Resonance Energy Transfer in Optics

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a near-field interaction between pairs of quantum emitters. FRET plays a key role in many applications, from the photosynthetic apparatus of plants and bacteria [1] to manipulating, storing, and transferring quantum information [2]. Although FRET depends on the donor and emitter itself, it is also modified by the electromagnetic environment [3] , [4] and studied with the Green function. This dependence led to a potentially efficient near-field control method, through engineering the environment of a given simple source. In photonics, FRET can be controlled by structuring the materials surrounding the emitter on scales much smaller than the operating wavelengths [5]. The control of the FRET by engineering the environment and its relationship with local density of states (LDOS) has been studied before analytically and experimentally [6] , [7] in the optic range. But experiments in optics are challenging due to the weak signals involved and the low spatial resolution, also highly specialized equipment is required. The resonance energy transfer effect is an analog of the effect on the power transferred between two classical dipoles [3]. One of the most effective ways to investigate this effect is to analyze the antenna impedance in the microwave, this is a direct measurement of the energy transfer unlike optics where measurements are indirect.