@article{1426cef6f70b40998211b04788c28667,
title = "Otitis media and its consequences: beyond the earache",
abstract = "An international group of multidisciplinary experts on middle-ear and paediatric infections met to explore where consensus exists on the management of acute otitis media. After informal discussions among several specialists of paediatric infectious disease, the group was expanded to include a larger spectrum of professionals with complementary expertise in middle-ear disease. Acute otitis media is a very common bacterial infection in children worldwide, leading to excessive antibiotic consumption in children in most countries and to a substantial burden of deafness and suppurative complications in developing countries. The group attempted to move beyond the existing controversies surrounding guidelines on acute otitis media, and to propose to clinicians and public health officials their views on the actions needed to be taken to reduce the disease burden caused by acute otitis media and the microbial antibiotic resistance from the resulting use of antibiotics. Definition of acute otitis media and diagnostic accuracy are crucial steps to identify children who will potentially benefit from treatment with antibiotics and to eliminate unnecessary prescribing. Although the group agreed that antibiotics are distributed indiscriminately, even to children who do not seem to have the disease, no consensus could be reached on whether antibiotics should be given to all appropriately diagnosed children, reflecting the wide range of practices and lack of convincing evidence from observational studies. The major unanimous concern was an urgent need to reduce unnecessary prescribing of antibiotics to prevent further increases in antibiotic resistance. Prevention of acute otitis media with existing and future viral and bacterial vaccines seems the most promising approach to affect disease burden and consequences, both in developed and developing countries.",
author = "Anne Vergison and Ron Dagan and Adriano Arguedas and Jan Bonhoeffer and Robert Cohen and Ingeborg DHooge and Alejandro Hoberman and Johannes Liese and Paola Marchisio and Palmu, {Arto A.} and Ray, {G. Thomas} and Sanders, {Elisabeth AM} and Sim{\~o}es, {Eric AF} and Matti Uhari and {van Eldere}, Johan and Pelton, {Stephen I.}",
note = "Funding Information: AV has been a speaker for GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Wyeth, and Sanofi, and has been a consultant for GSK and Wyeth. AA has received honoraria from GSK and Wyeth for research grants, advisory boards, and conferences. RC has served as consultant to or has received research grants from GSK, Sanofi-Aventis, and Wyeth. RD has received research support from Berna/Crucell, Wyeth, and Sanofi Pasteur MSD (MSD); has been a scientific consultant for Berna/Crucell, GSK, Novartis, Wyeth, Protea, and MSD; has received speaker fees from Berna/Crucell, GSK, and Wyeth; and owns stock of Protea. JL has been a speaker for GSK, Wyeth, MSD; has received research support from GSK, Novartis, and Sanofi Pasteur MSD; and scientific consultancy fees from GSK and Abbott. PM has received an honorarium for serving on an advisory board for vaccines for GSK. AAP has done research projects for which his employer has received funding from GSK and Solvay, has received honoraria from GSK to attend expert group meetings, and a travel grant from Sanofi-Pasteur. GTR has received research support from Wyeth. LS has received unrestricted grants from Wyeth and Baxter for research, consulting fees from Wyeth and GSK, lecturing fees from Wyeth, and grant support from Wyeth and GSK for vaccine studies. MU has received travel grants and acted as a consultant for GSK and MSD. SIP has received investigator-initiated grants from Wyeth and GSK, has served on advisory boards for pneumococcal vaccines for GSK and Wyeth, and has received honoraria for time and efforts as consultant to Wyeth, Novartis, GSK, and Sanofi Pasteur. JB, IDH, AH, EAFS, and JvE declare that they have no conflicts of interest. GSK is the manufacturer of the ten-valent pneumococcal vaccine referred to in this paper. Funding Information: This paper originated from several days of presentations, evaluations, and discussions regarding otitis media. Funding for these meetings was provided by an unrestricted educational grant from GSK through LMS-Group, a medical education company. Neither GSK nor LMS-Group had a role in determining the content of this paper. Catherine Kidd (Caudex Medical Ltd, Oxford, UK), supported by GSK, collated author disclosures. ",
year = "2010",
month = jan,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70012-8",
language = "English",
volume = "10",
pages = "195--203",
journal = "The Lancet Infectious Diseases",
issn = "1473-3099",
publisher = "Lancet Publishing Group",
number = "3",
}