Overcoming the effect of pandemic fatigue on vaccine hesitancy—Will belief in science triumph?

Purpose: The study aims to examine the factors that impact vaccination uptake and additional protective behavior during the fourth wave of the pandemic in Israel, whereas the “pandemic fatigue” phenomenon has been identified as a hurdle to adherence to protective health behaviors against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Design: A cross-sectional, structured questionnaire was utilized for this investigation in September 2021, during the fourth wave of the pandemic. Methods: A sample of the adult (18+) Israeli population was employed for the study. Recruiting participants for the study was conducted through an online internet panel company that consists of over 100,000 members, representing all geographic and demographic sectors of the Israeli population. Results: Our findings indicate that pandemic fatigue has begun to have cascading effects on vaccination efforts. In particular, this study found that at this stage of the COVID-19 pandemic, trust in authorities, and even threat perception components, such as concern and fear of contracting the disease, are incapable of predicting vaccination uptake. Instead, perception of the importance of the vaccine and its effectiveness are predictive of vaccination uptake. Conclusion: The findings indicate that at this stage of the pandemic, focusing on the robustness of the science behind the vaccine is more important than trying to regain public trust. The findings also suggest that risk communication employing fear tactics is losing its capacity to generate motivation for vaccination. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study reveal lessons learned from the COVID-19 global pandemic. Specifically, the study reveals how in times of prolonged crisis, we can currently and, in the future, prepare improved strategies for public communication in order to promote uptake of protective health behavior, such as vaccination.