Physicochemical Dependency of Biochar-based Nano-phase Composites Derived through Ball Milling for Visionary Energy Storage Applications

Researchers and the scientific community face a significant issue as a result of the urgent need for an uninterrupted power supply that exacerbates the environmental crisis by depleting sources of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum, and natural gas. The continuous depletion of these sources poses a serious challenge for the climate change, energy security, social and political stability as well [1]. The advancement of an effective and sustainable infrastructure has received great attention of the scientific community due to its direct impact on social and environmental concerns. Therefore, it is the demand of today’s scenario to develop sustainable and cost effective materials to fulfill the needs and to reduce the use of fossil fuels [2]. In search of this, the researchers focus mainly on inexhaustible renewable solar energy and carbonous materials, because carbon is the most abundant and extensively available component after oxygen in the biosphere, which offers a foundation for the storage of renewable energy in the form of carbohydrates and other biopolymers. The current demand is for the development of advanced high-performance with cost-effective materials for practical use in energy storage devices like battery or supercapacitor and other means of energy storage/conversion. Meanwhile, a carbon based composite materials played a vital role in the development of renewable energy storage process and energy conversion like hydrogen storage, fuel cells, and as an effective electrode material for the Lithium ion battery and supercapacitor, respectively [3–5].