Poststreptococcal vasculitis with cutaneous and central nervous system involvement

Background: Poststreptococcal vasculitis involving the central nervous system (CNS) is rarely seen. Objective: An unusual case of vasculitis of the CNS induced by a streptococcal infection is reported. Methods: A MEDLINE search was done, and an additional case is reported. Results: Behavioural changes with neurologic symptoms and brain lesions, presented on computerized tomography (CT) study were diagnostic of CNS involvement by vasculitis, induced by poststreptococcal infection. Conclusion: Poststreptococcal vasculitis involving the CNS is a rare event, but this possibility should be considered when a patient with cutaneous vasculitis develops behavioural changes or neurologic symptoms.