Progressive retinal degeneration in a girl with Knobloch syndrome who presented with signs of ocular albinism

Libe Gradstein, Ronald M. Hansen, Gerald F. Cox, Pablo Altschwager, Anne B. Fulton

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    6 Scopus citations

    Abstract

    Purpose: We report for the first time electroretinographic (ERG) evidence of progressive retinal abnormalities in a girl who presented in infancy with ocular features of albinism and gradually developed choroidal sclerosis and patchy retinal atrophy leading to a diagnosis of Knobloch syndrome (KS, OMIM 267750, COL18A1). Methods: At age 2 months, nystagmus and esotropia prompted ophthalmic evaluation. The appearance of choroidal sclerosis and atrophic retinal patches led to further evaluation at age 8 years. Genetics consultation was obtained in infancy and again at age 8 years as retinal findings evolved. Full field ERG responses in both scotopic and photopic conditions were recorded at both ages and compared to those in healthy control subjects. Results: At age 2 months ERG response parameters were within normal limits for age and tyrosinase (TYR) gene sequencing revealed one novel mutation, p.S466F, and the temperature-sensitive polymorphism, p.R402Q, suggesting the diagnosis of oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1). At age 8 years, there was significant attenuation of both scotopic and photopic ERG responses. Genetic re-analysis led to the identification of a homozygous mutation, c.3213dupC, in the COL18A1 gene, thus confirming the diagnosis of Knobloch syndrome. Conclusions: Our patient with Knobloch syndrome developed abnormal ERG responses similar to those found in col18a1 knockout mice. Thus, we have documented progressive attenuation of the scotopic and photopic responses in KS.

    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)135-140
    Number of pages6
    JournalDocumenta Ophthalmologica
    Volume134
    Issue number2
    DOIs
    StatePublished - 1 Apr 2017

    Keywords

    • Albinism
    • Electroretinogram (ERG)
    • Knobloch syndrome
    • Photoreceptor
    • Retinal degeneration
    • a-Wave
    • b-Wave

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Ophthalmology
    • Sensory Systems
    • Physiology (medical)

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