Proton spin structure and generalized polarizabilities in the strong quantum chromodynamics regime

D. Ruth, R. Zielinski, C. Gu, M. Allada (Cummings), T. Badman, M. Huang, J. Liu, P. Zhu, K. Allada, J. Zhang, A. Camsonne, J. P. Chen, K. Slifer, K. Aniol, J. Annand, J. Arrington, T. Averett, H. Baghdasaryan, V. Bellini, W. BoeglinJ. Brock, C. Carlin, C. Chen, E. Cisbani, D. Crabb, A. Daniel, D. Day, R. Duve, L. El Fassi, M. Friedman, E. Fuchey, H. Gao, R. Gilman, S. Glamazdin, P. Gueye, M. Hafez, Y. Han, O. Hansen, M. Hashemi Shabestari, O. Hen, D. Higinbotham, T. Horn, S. Iqbal, E. Jensen, H. Kang, C. D. Keith, A. Kelleher, D. Keller, H. Khanal, I. Korover, G. Kumbartzki, W. Li, J. Lichtenstadt, R. Lindgren, E. Long, S. Malace, P. Markowitz, J. Maxwell, D. M. Meekins, Z. E. Meziani, C. McLean, R. Michaels, M. Mihovilovič, N. Muangma, C. Munoz Camacho, J. Musson, K. Myers, Y. Oh, M. Pannunzio Carmignotto, C. Perdrisat, S. Phillips, E. Piasetzky, J. Pierce, V. Punjabi, Y. Qiang, P. E. Reimer, Y. Roblin, G. Ron, O. Rondon, G. Russo, K. Saenboonruang, B. Sawatzky, A. Shahinyan, R. Shneor, S. Širca, J. Sjoegren, P. Solvignon-Slifer, N. Sparveris, V. Sulkosky, F. Wesselmann, W. Yan, H. Yang, H. Yao, Z. Ye, M. Yurov, Y. Zhang, Y. X. Zhao, X. Zheng

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

6 Scopus citations

Abstract

The strong interaction is not well understood at low energies or for interactions with low momentum transfer. Chiral perturbation theory gives testable predictions for the nucleonic generalized polarizabilities, which are fundamental quantities describing the nucleon’s response to an external field. We report a measurement of the proton’s generalized spin polarizabilities extracted with a polarized electron beam and a polarized solid ammonia target in the region where chiral perturbation theory is expected to be valid. The investigated structure function g2 characterizes the internal spin structure of the proton. From its moments, we extract the longitudinal–transverse spin polarizability δLT and twist-3 matrix element and polarizability d2¯. Our results provide discriminating power between existing chiral perturbation theory calculations and will help provide a better understanding of this strong quantum chromodynamics regime.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1441-1446
Number of pages6
JournalNature Physics
Volume18
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - 1 Dec 2022
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Physics and Astronomy

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