Recognition Policy of Bedouin Villages in Israel, Marginalization and the Ethic of Bio-cultural Diversity

Among indigenous people biodiversity and cultural diversity are integrated within socio-ecological systems into the concept of biocultural diversity. Detachment from their environment detracts their contribution to both cultural diversity and ecological stability. Many Bedouin were detached from pastoral life and relocated to towns by the Israeli government. Consequently grazing has diminished with implications for biodiversity. Grazing has been unprofitable but is still maintained as an important cultural symbol particularly in many villages unrecognized by the state. This symbol carries an ecological value for protecting biodiversity that peaks under conditions of moderate grazing. This is significant for the policy towards these villages. Despite their marginality, Bedouin contribution to biological diversity should be recognized by state policy not only due to their right to preserve their culture in their villages but also the right of the ecological system to enjoy this cultural service they provide.