Review of indicator frameworks supporting urban planning for resilience and health

While public health in European cities has improved in recent decades, new challenges brought by demographic shifts, rapid urbanization, environmental degradation, climate change and COVID-19 pandemic are making urban systems increasingly vulnerable and threatening the health, safety and well-being of their inhabitants. There is a need for a more health-focused approach in urban policies and planning, which takes into account impacts of various risks and challenges on public health. Various existing international frameworks, agendas, and tools offer guidance to policymakers on sustainable development and resilience, and provide indicators that measure progress towards their goals and objectives to facilitate evidence-based decision-making. This study reviews six of these frameworks and their indicators to assess how they address health-related aspects and support urban planning for resilience and health. The analysis considers factors impacting human health in two dimensions: 1) current state of the urban environment and 2) risk-informed urban planning and interventions. Specifically, it focuses on urban planning-related components relevant to public health. While no single framework was found to comprehensively cover all components of both dimensions, these indicator frameworks can complement each other to effectively support urban planning for resilient, sustainable and healthy cities.