TY - GEN
T1 - Selection in the presence of memory faults, with applications to in-place resilient sorting
AU - Kopelowitz, Tsvi
AU - Talmon, Nimrod
N1 - Funding Information:
A full version appears at http://arxiv.org/abs/1204.5229 . This work was supported in part by The Israel Science Foundation (grant #452/08), by a US-Israel BSF grant #2010418, and by the Citi Foundation.
PY - 2012/1/1
Y1 - 2012/1/1
N2 - The selection problem, where one wishes to locate the kth smallest element in an unsorted array of size n, is one of the basic problems studied in computer science. The main focus of this work is designing algorithms for solving the selection problem in the presence of memory faults. Specifically, the computational model assumed here is a faulty variant of the RAM model (abbreviated as FRAM), which was introduced by Finocchi and Italiano [FI04]. In this model, the content of memory cells might get corrupted adversarially during the execution, and the algorithm cannot distinguish between corrupted cells and uncorrupted cells. The model assumes a constant number of reliable memory cells that never become corrupted, and an upper bound δ on the number of corruptions that may occur, which is given as an auxiliary input to the algorithm. The main contribution of this work is a deterministic resilient selection algorithm with optimal O(n) worst-case running time. Interestingly, the running time does not depend on the number of faults, and the algorithm does not need to know δ. As part of the solution, several techniques that allow to sometimes use non-tail recursion algorithms in the FRAM model are developed. Notice that using recursive algorithms in this model is problematic, as the stack might be too large to fit in reliable memory. The aforementioned resilient selection algorithm can be used to improve the complexity bounds for resilient k-d trees developed by Gieseke, Moruz and Vahrenhold [GMV10]. Specifically, the time complexity for constructing a k-d tree is improved from O(n log2 n + δ2) to O(n log n). Besides the deterministic algorithm, a randomized resilient selection algorithm is developed, which is simpler than the deterministic one, and has O(n+α) expected time complexity and O(1) space complexity (i.e., is in-place). This algorithm is used to develop the first resilient sorting algorithm that is in-place and achieves optimal O(n log n+αδ) expected running time.
AB - The selection problem, where one wishes to locate the kth smallest element in an unsorted array of size n, is one of the basic problems studied in computer science. The main focus of this work is designing algorithms for solving the selection problem in the presence of memory faults. Specifically, the computational model assumed here is a faulty variant of the RAM model (abbreviated as FRAM), which was introduced by Finocchi and Italiano [FI04]. In this model, the content of memory cells might get corrupted adversarially during the execution, and the algorithm cannot distinguish between corrupted cells and uncorrupted cells. The model assumes a constant number of reliable memory cells that never become corrupted, and an upper bound δ on the number of corruptions that may occur, which is given as an auxiliary input to the algorithm. The main contribution of this work is a deterministic resilient selection algorithm with optimal O(n) worst-case running time. Interestingly, the running time does not depend on the number of faults, and the algorithm does not need to know δ. As part of the solution, several techniques that allow to sometimes use non-tail recursion algorithms in the FRAM model are developed. Notice that using recursive algorithms in this model is problematic, as the stack might be too large to fit in reliable memory. The aforementioned resilient selection algorithm can be used to improve the complexity bounds for resilient k-d trees developed by Gieseke, Moruz and Vahrenhold [GMV10]. Specifically, the time complexity for constructing a k-d tree is improved from O(n log2 n + δ2) to O(n log n). Besides the deterministic algorithm, a randomized resilient selection algorithm is developed, which is simpler than the deterministic one, and has O(n+α) expected time complexity and O(1) space complexity (i.e., is in-place). This algorithm is used to develop the first resilient sorting algorithm that is in-place and achieves optimal O(n log n+αδ) expected running time.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84871587836&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/978-3-642-35261-4_58
DO - 10.1007/978-3-642-35261-4_58
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:84871587836
SN - 9783642352607
T3 - Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics)
SP - 558
EP - 567
BT - Algorithms and Computation - 23rd International Symposium, ISAAC 2012, Proceedings
PB - Springer Verlag
T2 - 23rd International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation, ISAAC 2012
Y2 - 19 December 2012 through 21 December 2012
ER -