TY - JOUR
T1 - Soil adsorption and transport of lead in the presence of perovskite solar cell-derived organic cations
AU - Mallick, Arindam
AU - Mendez Lopez, Rene D.
AU - Arye, Gilboa
AU - Cahen, David
AU - Visoly-Fisher, Iris
N1 - Funding Information:
RDML and DC are grateful to the Israel Ministry of Energy for supporting our participation in the Solar ERAnet PERDRY project. RDML acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 MSCA Innovative Training Network under grant agreement no. 764787 and the EU MAESTRO project. This work was partially supported by the ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 1728/18 ). AM gratefully acknowledges the Israeli Planning and Budgeting Committee Fellowship for Outstanding Post-doctoral Researchers from China and India.
Funding Information:
RDML and DC are grateful to the Israel Ministry of Energy for supporting our participation in the Solar ERAnet PERDRY project. RDML acknowledges funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 MSCA Innovative Training Network under grant agreement no. 764787 and the EU MAESTRO project. This work was partially supported by the ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 1728/18). AM gratefully acknowledges the Israeli Planning and Budgeting Committee Fellowship for Outstanding Post-doctoral Researchers from China and India.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/6/5
Y1 - 2023/6/5
N2 - Perovskite photovoltaics offer a highly efficient and low-cost solar energy harvesting technology. However, the presence of lead (Pb) cations in photovoltaic halide perovskite (HaPs) materials is concerning, and quantifying the environmental hazard of accidental Pb2+ leaching into the soil is crucial for assessing the sustainability of this technology. Pb2+ from inorganic salts was previously found to remain in the upper soil layers due to adsorption. However, Pb-HaPs contain additional organic and inorganic cations, and competitive cation adsorption may affect Pb2+ retention in soils. Therefore, we measured, analyzed by simulations and report the depths to which Pb2+ from HaPs penetrates into 3 types of agricultural soil. Most of the HaP-leached Pb2+ is found to be retained already in the first cm of the soil columns, and subsequent rain events do not induce Pb2+ penetration below the first few cm of soil surface. Surprisingly, organic co-cations from the dissolved HaP are found to enhance the Pb2+ adsorption capacity in clay-rich soil, compared to non-HaP-based Pb2+ sources. Our results imply that installation over soil types with improved Pb2+ adsorption, and removal of only the contaminated topsoil, are sufficient means to prevent ground water contamination by HaP-leached Pb2+.
AB - Perovskite photovoltaics offer a highly efficient and low-cost solar energy harvesting technology. However, the presence of lead (Pb) cations in photovoltaic halide perovskite (HaPs) materials is concerning, and quantifying the environmental hazard of accidental Pb2+ leaching into the soil is crucial for assessing the sustainability of this technology. Pb2+ from inorganic salts was previously found to remain in the upper soil layers due to adsorption. However, Pb-HaPs contain additional organic and inorganic cations, and competitive cation adsorption may affect Pb2+ retention in soils. Therefore, we measured, analyzed by simulations and report the depths to which Pb2+ from HaPs penetrates into 3 types of agricultural soil. Most of the HaP-leached Pb2+ is found to be retained already in the first cm of the soil columns, and subsequent rain events do not induce Pb2+ penetration below the first few cm of soil surface. Surprisingly, organic co-cations from the dissolved HaP are found to enhance the Pb2+ adsorption capacity in clay-rich soil, compared to non-HaP-based Pb2+ sources. Our results imply that installation over soil types with improved Pb2+ adsorption, and removal of only the contaminated topsoil, are sufficient means to prevent ground water contamination by HaP-leached Pb2+.
KW - Environmental impact
KW - Halide perovskites
KW - Pb
KW - Soil
KW - Transport
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85150809007&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131147
DO - 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131147
M3 - Article
C2 - 36893601
AN - SCOPUS:85150809007
SN - 0304-3894
VL - 451
JO - Journal of Hazardous Materials
JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials
M1 - 131147
ER -
