TY - JOUR
T1 - Solid‐state stereochemistry and activity of 3‐methylnefopam diastereomers
T2 - Manipulation of eight‐membered ring conformations in analogues of the non‐narcotic analgesic drug
AU - Glaser, Robert
AU - Blumenfeld, Jeanine
AU - Geresh, Shimona
AU - Donnell, David
AU - Rosland, Jan Henrik
AU - Hole, Kjell
AU - Maartmann‐Moe, Knut
PY - 1993/1/1
Y1 - 1993/1/1
N2 - The solid‐state structures of (±)‐(1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5R)‐and (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐3‐methylnefopam hydrochloride, epimeric 3‐methyl derivatives of the non‐narcotic analgesic drug, were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. (±)‐(1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5S)‐3‐Methylnefopam hydrochloride gave crystals belonging to the monoclinic space group P2,/c, and at ambient temperature, a = 7.993(2), b = 34.376(4), c = 11.785(2) Å, β = 93.06°, V = 3234(2) Å3, Z = 8, R(F = 0.070, and Rw(F) = 0.053. (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐3‐Methylnefopam hydrochloride gave chiral crystals belonging to the orthorhombic space group P212121, and at 92 K, a = 9.261 (2), b = 10.280(2), c = 16.668(4) A, V = 1587(1) Å3, Z = 4, R(F) = 0.034, and Rw(F) = 0.035. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the (1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5R)‐racemic modification had twist‐chair‐(flattened chair) [TCfC] conformational geometries for the eight‐membered ring. Both molecules are virtually identical as shown by a root mean squares fit of 0.077 Å in the superimposition of all nonhydrogen atoms in both molecules. The (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐epimers were found in the same boat‐(flattened chair) [BfC] conformation previously noted for crystalline nefopam hydrochloride. The TCfC and BfC eight‐membered ring conformations of the two 3‐methylnefopam diastereomers differ in the —N+H(CH3)CH2CH— fragment chair or boat arrangement vis‐a‐vis the adjacent flattened region. In both 3‐methyl diastereomers, the C(3)‐methyl group was disposed in an equatorial orientation, the phenyl group resided in an exo‐position, and the —OCH(Ph)—o—C6H4 —fragment occupied the flattened region of the eight‐membered ring. Both epimers exhibited the same degree of significant inhibition (>50%) at 5‐hydroxytryptamine2 binding sites (72.4 ± 2.5% for 10−5 M). In the Formalin Test for antinociceptive activity in mice, the (±)‐(1R,3R)/(1S,3S) diastereomer was inactive (the paw was licked 102 ± 9 s during the first 5 min after formalin injection versus 102 ± 7 s for control animals), and the (±)‐(1R,3S)/(1S,3R) epimer afforded modest but unequivocal activity (68 ± 4 s) relative to the parent nefopam hydrochloride (30 ± 7 s).
AB - The solid‐state structures of (±)‐(1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5R)‐and (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐3‐methylnefopam hydrochloride, epimeric 3‐methyl derivatives of the non‐narcotic analgesic drug, were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses. (±)‐(1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5S)‐3‐Methylnefopam hydrochloride gave crystals belonging to the monoclinic space group P2,/c, and at ambient temperature, a = 7.993(2), b = 34.376(4), c = 11.785(2) Å, β = 93.06°, V = 3234(2) Å3, Z = 8, R(F = 0.070, and Rw(F) = 0.053. (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐3‐Methylnefopam hydrochloride gave chiral crystals belonging to the orthorhombic space group P212121, and at 92 K, a = 9.261 (2), b = 10.280(2), c = 16.668(4) A, V = 1587(1) Å3, Z = 4, R(F) = 0.034, and Rw(F) = 0.035. The two molecules in the asymmetric unit of the (1R,3S,5S)/(1S,3R,5R)‐racemic modification had twist‐chair‐(flattened chair) [TCfC] conformational geometries for the eight‐membered ring. Both molecules are virtually identical as shown by a root mean squares fit of 0.077 Å in the superimposition of all nonhydrogen atoms in both molecules. The (+)/(‐)‐(1R,3R,5R)/(1S,3S,5S)‐epimers were found in the same boat‐(flattened chair) [BfC] conformation previously noted for crystalline nefopam hydrochloride. The TCfC and BfC eight‐membered ring conformations of the two 3‐methylnefopam diastereomers differ in the —N+H(CH3)CH2CH— fragment chair or boat arrangement vis‐a‐vis the adjacent flattened region. In both 3‐methyl diastereomers, the C(3)‐methyl group was disposed in an equatorial orientation, the phenyl group resided in an exo‐position, and the —OCH(Ph)—o—C6H4 —fragment occupied the flattened region of the eight‐membered ring. Both epimers exhibited the same degree of significant inhibition (>50%) at 5‐hydroxytryptamine2 binding sites (72.4 ± 2.5% for 10−5 M). In the Formalin Test for antinociceptive activity in mice, the (±)‐(1R,3R)/(1S,3S) diastereomer was inactive (the paw was licked 102 ± 9 s during the first 5 min after formalin injection versus 102 ± 7 s for control animals), and the (±)‐(1R,3S)/(1S,3R) epimer afforded modest but unequivocal activity (68 ± 4 s) relative to the parent nefopam hydrochloride (30 ± 7 s).
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0027421361&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/jps.2600820905
DO - 10.1002/jps.2600820905
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0027421361
SN - 0022-3549
VL - 82
SP - 886
EP - 892
JO - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
JF - Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
IS - 9
ER -