Spotted fever in the Negev

Spotted fever was diagnosed in the Negev for the first time in 1971. Since then the frequency of diagnosis has increased. There were 63 cases between 1972-1978 of which 30 were children. This is the first report of spotted fever in the Negev. The clinical diagnosis was based on fever, the typical rash, thrombocytopenia and disturbed liver function. Serological studies were not useful in supporting the clinical diagnosis. The clinical signs and the progress of the disease suggested rickettsial infection with characteristics that differed from those reported from other countries, but similar to cases reported from the central region of Israel. The disease process is usually benign and responds well to treatment with tetracyclines. However, severe complications occur occasionally and there are even fatalities. It is important to be aware of the prevalence of the disease in the Negev. Early recognition leading to prompt treatment is essential.