TY - JOUR
T1 - Surveillance and seasonal correlation of rotavirus A with coliphages and coliforms in two sewage impacted lakes in highly urbanized regions of western India
AU - Pisharody, Lakshmi
AU - Suresh, Sumathi
AU - Mukherji, Suparna
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Dr. Pramod Salaskar, Secretary, Naushad Ali Sarovar Samvardhini (NASS), for facilitating sampling in Powai lake and Masunda lake over the two years; the Thane Municipal Corporation for providing the necessary permission for sampling in Masunda lake; the Masunda lake boat club and the Maharashtra state angling association for providing the boats for sample collection from the lakes. Lakshmi Pisharody gratefully acknowledges the Shri Girish Vishnuprasad Desai Research Excellence award for partially funding this work. The authors would also like to thank the Tata Centre for Technology and Design (TCTD), IIT Bombay for funding the initial phase of this work.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Royal Society of Chemistry.
PY - 2022/1/1
Y1 - 2022/1/1
N2 - Group A rotavirus (RVA), an enteric virus, is a major cause of gastroenteric disease and it is known to cause mortality among children and infants. The applicability of coliforms and coliphages as indicators for RVA was evaluated in this study. The abundance of RVA, 'SUSP2', a novel 'superspreader' somatic coliphage, MS2, a male-specific coliphage, and coliforms were monitored in two lakes located in the neighboring cities of Mumbai and Thane, India. RVA was detected in 71% and 60% of the composite samples collected from Powai lake in Mumbai and Masunda lake in Thane, respectively. MS2 was detected in 81% and 79%, while SUSP2 was detected in 75% and 81% of the composite samples from Powai lake and Masunda lake, respectively. The maximum RVA, MS2, and SUSP2 concentrations in the composite samples from Powai lake were 5.47 × 105, 6.75 × 102, and 3.47 × 103 copies per 100 mL, respectively, while, the corresponding values for Masunda lake were 2.13 × 104, 2.61 × 104, and 2.21 × 104 copies per 100 mL, respectively. The viral counts were found to be lowest during the monsoon and highest during winter. For samples collected from these lakes, the seasonal correlation between RVA and the indicators was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The coliphages showed a moderate to strong positive correlation with RVA particularly in winter and demonstrated a Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) in the range of 0.59-0.87 (p < 0.05). However, in the summer and monsoon, a significant correlation between the coliphage, MS2, and RVA was observed only in Powai lake. Thus, coliphages are good indicators of RVA, especially in the winter months, when the occurrence of RVA in the lakes is highest. In the summer and monsoon, both coliphages and coliforms need to be monitored to predict the presence of RVA with a higher degree of confidence. Principal component analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (BLR) also confirmed MS2 as a better indicator of RVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) ranged between 0.46-0.74 (p < 0.05). This is the first study reporting the viral load in surface water bodies in India across seasons and the correlation between RVA and coliphages.
AB - Group A rotavirus (RVA), an enteric virus, is a major cause of gastroenteric disease and it is known to cause mortality among children and infants. The applicability of coliforms and coliphages as indicators for RVA was evaluated in this study. The abundance of RVA, 'SUSP2', a novel 'superspreader' somatic coliphage, MS2, a male-specific coliphage, and coliforms were monitored in two lakes located in the neighboring cities of Mumbai and Thane, India. RVA was detected in 71% and 60% of the composite samples collected from Powai lake in Mumbai and Masunda lake in Thane, respectively. MS2 was detected in 81% and 79%, while SUSP2 was detected in 75% and 81% of the composite samples from Powai lake and Masunda lake, respectively. The maximum RVA, MS2, and SUSP2 concentrations in the composite samples from Powai lake were 5.47 × 105, 6.75 × 102, and 3.47 × 103 copies per 100 mL, respectively, while, the corresponding values for Masunda lake were 2.13 × 104, 2.61 × 104, and 2.21 × 104 copies per 100 mL, respectively. The viral counts were found to be lowest during the monsoon and highest during winter. For samples collected from these lakes, the seasonal correlation between RVA and the indicators was analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. The coliphages showed a moderate to strong positive correlation with RVA particularly in winter and demonstrated a Spearman correlation coefficient (ρ) in the range of 0.59-0.87 (p < 0.05). However, in the summer and monsoon, a significant correlation between the coliphage, MS2, and RVA was observed only in Powai lake. Thus, coliphages are good indicators of RVA, especially in the winter months, when the occurrence of RVA in the lakes is highest. In the summer and monsoon, both coliphages and coliforms need to be monitored to predict the presence of RVA with a higher degree of confidence. Principal component analysis (PCA) and binary logistic regression (BLR) also confirmed MS2 as a better indicator of RVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) ranged between 0.46-0.74 (p < 0.05). This is the first study reporting the viral load in surface water bodies in India across seasons and the correlation between RVA and coliphages.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85122153709&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1039/d1ew00604e
DO - 10.1039/d1ew00604e
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85122153709
VL - 8
SP - 139
EP - 150
JO - Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology
JF - Environmental Science: Water Research and Technology
SN - 2053-1400
IS - 1
ER -