Synthesis of transition metal titanium oxide (MTiO_x, M = Mn, Fe, Cu) and its application in furazolidone electrochemical sensor

Importance in the precise determination of Furazolidone (FZD) on biological, food, and water samples were established for regulating health and nutrition, diagnosis/treatment, pharmacological research, and food/drug quality monitoring. Thus, the sensitive and accurate determination of FZD is necessary. Here, we construct facile and low-cost Metal Titanate (MTiO_x, M = Mn, Fe, Cu) as an electrode modifier via a different one-step synthesis method. By the virtue of unique properties, MnTiO₃ has been successfully employed in the electrochemical evaluation of FZD such as high active surface area (0.1252 cm²) and high electron transfer kinetics with low charge transfer resistance (R_ct = 374.65 Ω) with good electro-catalytic kinetic parameters. In this regard, MnTiO₃ is employed in the electrochemical evaluation of FZD through cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV) techniques. The proposed MnTiO₃/GCE sensor shows exquisite electrochemical characteristics including a wide linear range (0.05 to 1101.6 µM), nanomolar detection limit (4.05 nM), and encouraging sensitivity (68.77 µA µM⁻¹ cm⁻²). Moreover, it also exemplifies exquisite selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability therefore; MnTiO₃ is employed in the practical feasibility analysis in various real samples, which shows excellent recovery results.