The Correlation between Fetal Monitor Decelerations Area and Neonatal Cord pH among Preeclamptic parturient: an Automated Approach to a Clinical Challenge

Objective: To examine whether a correlation exists between electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) in the final 120 minute prior to delivery and neonatal cord blood pH among parturients with preeclampsia. Study Design: A retrospective cohort study of parturients with term and near-term preeclampsia who delivered at Soroka University Medical Center between 2013 and 2020 was conducted. EFM tracings, demographical data, and obstetrical outcomes were retrieved from the patients' electronic medical records. Using MATLAB program, area under the curve (AUC) measurements were applied. Correlation was calculated using the Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results: EFM of 88 parturients with preeclampsia were assessed. A significant negative correlation was demonstrated between cord blood pH and the decelerations AUC, total decelerations duration, and deceleration depth. No correlation was demonstrated between area over the curve (acceleration) and cord blood pH. In a multivariate linear regression, total deceleration AUC was found independently negatively associated with cord blood pH (beta = -0.264, p = 0.011) controlling for second stage of labor duration and induction of labor. Conclusion: Among parturients with preeclampsia, EFM indices may assist in the diagnosis of fetal acidemia. Further studies are needed to strengthen and establish the use of electronic EFM in the management of labor and delivery.