TY - JOUR
T1 - The influence of causation and effectuation logics on targeted policies
T2 - The cases of Singapore and Israel
AU - Kaufmann, Dan
N1 - Funding Information:
The Target Project, financed by the European FP6 (Sixth Framework Programme), tried to empirically analyse what policy elements are responsible for the successful targeting of biotechnology clusters. The project compared six different clusters from Europe, Israel and the USA. The Target Report9 (2011) identified five elements necessary for successful targeting with a specific focus on biotechnology. As we will demonstrate below, these five elements are present in or absent from the approaches of causation and effectuation.
PY - 2013/8/1
Y1 - 2013/8/1
N2 - We examine the causation and effectuation logics for implementing targeted biotechnology policies using two case studies: Singapore (causation) and Israel (effectuation). After more than a decade of implementing targeted biotechnology policies, both Singapore and Israel have failed to create fully fledged biotech clusters. Singapore has been unsuccessful in creating vibrant entrepreneurial activity that will support its transformation into a knowledge economy. Israel has failed to turn its 1000 small, dedicated biotechnology firms into a substantial engine of growth and employment. The paper questions how these two policy approaches influenced the targeting of the biotechnology sectors and identifies the limits of these approaches in supporting targeting. We conclude that a combination of the two logics is needed, especially when targeting complex sectors with a yet unknown development path.
AB - We examine the causation and effectuation logics for implementing targeted biotechnology policies using two case studies: Singapore (causation) and Israel (effectuation). After more than a decade of implementing targeted biotechnology policies, both Singapore and Israel have failed to create fully fledged biotech clusters. Singapore has been unsuccessful in creating vibrant entrepreneurial activity that will support its transformation into a knowledge economy. Israel has failed to turn its 1000 small, dedicated biotechnology firms into a substantial engine of growth and employment. The paper questions how these two policy approaches influenced the targeting of the biotechnology sectors and identifies the limits of these approaches in supporting targeting. We conclude that a combination of the two logics is needed, especially when targeting complex sectors with a yet unknown development path.
KW - biotechnology
KW - causation and effectuation
KW - innovation policies
KW - targeting
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84882246971&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1080/09537325.2013.815714
DO - 10.1080/09537325.2013.815714
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84882246971
SN - 0953-7325
VL - 25
SP - 853
EP - 870
JO - Technology Analysis and Strategic Management
JF - Technology Analysis and Strategic Management
IS - 7
ER -