TY - JOUR
T1 - The positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS)
T2 - A three-factor model of psychopathology in marginally housed persons with substance dependence and psychiatric illness
AU - Giesbrecht, Chantelle J.
AU - O'Rourke, Norm
AU - Leonova, Olga
AU - Strehlau, Verena
AU - Paquet, Karine
AU - Vila-Rodriguez, Fidel
AU - Panenka, William J.
AU - MacEwan, G. William
AU - Smith, Geoffrey N.
AU - Thornton, Allen E.
AU - Honer, William G.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Dr. Honer has received consulting fees or sat on paid advisory boards for: In Silico, Otsuka/Lundbeck, Roche and Eli Lilly; received honoraria from Rush University, University of Ottawa, University of Calgary, University of Hong Kong, British Columbia Health Authorities, the British Association for Psychopharmacology, and the Canadian Psychiatric Association; and received grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR). Dr. MacEwan has received consulting fees or sat on paid advisory boards for: Apotex, AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen, Lundbeck, Otsuka, Pfizer and Sunovion. He also received fees for lectures sponsored by AstraZeneca, BMS, Janssen, Otsuka and Eli Lilly, and has received grants from Janssen Pharmaceuticals. Dr. O'Rourke has received grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Age-Well Technology and Aging Research Network (Networks of Centres of Excellence). Dr. Paquet received paid advisory board fees from Lundbeck and lecture fees from Novartis. Dr. Thornton has received grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the William and Ada Isabelle Steel Fund. Dr. Vila-Rodriguez has received grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Brain Canada, and the American Psychiatric Foundation. This does not alter the authors' adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Giesbrecht et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in anymedium, provided the original author and source are credited.
PY - 2016/3/1
Y1 - 2016/3/1
N2 - Rates of psychopathology are elevated in marginalized and unstably housed persons, underscoring the need for applicable clinical measures for these populations. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinical instrument principally developed for use in schizophrenia to identify the presence and severity of psychopathology symptoms. The current study investigates whether a reliable and valid PANSS factor structure emerges in a marginally housed, heterogeneous sample recruited from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver where substance use disorders and psychiatric illness are pervasive. Participants (n = 270) underwent structured clinical assessments including the PANSS and then were randomly assigned to either exploratory (EFA) or confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) subsamples. EFA pointed to a novel three factor PANSS. This solution was supported by CFA. All retained items (28 out of 30) load significantly upon hypothesized factors and model goodness of fit analyses are in the acceptable to good range. Each of the three firstorder factor constructs, labeled Psychosis/Disorganized, Negative Symptoms/Hostility, and Insight/Awareness, contributed significantly to measurement of a higher-order psychopathology construct. Further, the latent structure of this 3-factor solution appears temporally consistent over one-year. This PANSS factor structure appears valid and reliable for use in persons with multimorbidity, including substance use disorders. The structure is somewhat distinct from existing solutions likely due to the unique characteristics of this marginally housed sample.
AB - Rates of psychopathology are elevated in marginalized and unstably housed persons, underscoring the need for applicable clinical measures for these populations. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) is a clinical instrument principally developed for use in schizophrenia to identify the presence and severity of psychopathology symptoms. The current study investigates whether a reliable and valid PANSS factor structure emerges in a marginally housed, heterogeneous sample recruited from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver where substance use disorders and psychiatric illness are pervasive. Participants (n = 270) underwent structured clinical assessments including the PANSS and then were randomly assigned to either exploratory (EFA) or confirmatory factor analytic (CFA) subsamples. EFA pointed to a novel three factor PANSS. This solution was supported by CFA. All retained items (28 out of 30) load significantly upon hypothesized factors and model goodness of fit analyses are in the acceptable to good range. Each of the three firstorder factor constructs, labeled Psychosis/Disorganized, Negative Symptoms/Hostility, and Insight/Awareness, contributed significantly to measurement of a higher-order psychopathology construct. Further, the latent structure of this 3-factor solution appears temporally consistent over one-year. This PANSS factor structure appears valid and reliable for use in persons with multimorbidity, including substance use disorders. The structure is somewhat distinct from existing solutions likely due to the unique characteristics of this marginally housed sample.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84962142292&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0151648
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0151648
M3 - Article
C2 - 26999280
AN - SCOPUS:84962142292
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 11
JO - PLoS ONE
JF - PLoS ONE
IS - 3
M1 - e0151648
ER -