The utility of repeat kidney biopsy in systemic immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis

Avital Angel-Korman, Aala Jaberi, Vaishali Sanchorawala, Andrea Havasi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: The diagnostic utility of repeat kidney biopsy in AL amyloidosis patients in complete (CR) or very good partial hematologic response (VGPR) but with renal organ relapse is not clear. Methods: We present eight patients with AL amyloidosis who had a repeat kidney biopsy performed. Results: AL amyloidosis was initially diagnosed by a kidney biopsy. All patients had a favorable response to treatment (CR/VGPR) and five of them also had initially a renal organ response. A repeat kidney biopsy was done due to gradual deterioration of kidney function and/or proteinuria while maintaining a hematologic response. Repeat kidney biopsies showed findings consistent with amyloid deposits in all patients. Seven patients had renal progression with four of them requiring dialysis initiation. Only one patient had a favorable renal outcome. This patient had subacute kidney injury with decreasing proteinuria and was found to have granulomatous interstitial nephritis in addition to amyloid deposits and responded well to steroid treatment with rapid improvement in renal function. Conclusions: In AL amyloidosis patients who achieve a favorable hematologic response to treatment (CR/VGPR) but subsequently develop worsening renal insufficiency or proteinuria, a repeat kidney biopsy should generally not be performed. Amyloid deposits persist in the kidneys even after successful hematologic treatment and it is impossible to differentiate between new versus old amyloid deposits, which makes performing a repeat kidney biopsy unnecessary in most cases. Demonstration of amyloid deposits on repeat kidney biopsy would not aid in the decision making regarding re-initiation of hematologic treatment. A kidney biopsy should be considered only in cases when a specific alternative diagnosis is suspected.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)17-24
Number of pages8
JournalAmyloid : the international journal of experimental and clinical investigation : the official journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis
Volume27
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 2 Jan 2020
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • AL amyloidosis
  • Systemic light chain amyloidosis
  • kidney biopsy
  • renal amyloidosis
  • repeat biopsy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Internal Medicine

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